PERKEBUNAN BUAH MERAPI SLEMAN, YOGYAKARTA SERANGGA NAGA (Hylocereus polyrhizus Web.) KEANEKARAGAMAN PERMUKAAN TANAH PADA (Web.)) DI KAWASAN PANTAI GLAGAH KULON PROGO DAN LERENG GUNUNG

ERNAWATI HANDAYANI, Drs. Ignatius Sudaryadi, M.Kes.

2014 | Skripsi | BIOLOGI

Serangga permukaan tanah memiliki peranan penting sebagai pengendali keseimbangan ekosistem sehingga keberadaannya harus tetap dijaga. Perbedaan ekosistem diduga ikut mempengaruhi keanekaragaman serangga permukaan tanah di suatu tempat. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui perbedaan keanekaragaman serangga permukaan tanah di kawasan pesisir Pantai Glagah Kulon Progo dan lereng Gunung Merapi Sleman Yogyakarta, faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi serta potensi dari serangga permukaan tanah yang ditemukan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di perkebunan buah naga di kawasan pesisir Pantai Glagah Kulon Progo dan lereng Gunung Merapi Sleman. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan Pitfall trap. Jebakan berisi alkohol 70% dan dibuat sejumlah 11 buah kemudian diletakkan secara menyebar. Identifikasi dilakukan di Laboratorium Entomologi Fakultas Biologi UGM dan LIPI Bogor. Analisis keanekaragaman menggunakan indeks Nilai Penting dan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan keanekaragaman serangga permukaan tanah di lereng Gunung Merapi terdiri dari 6 ordo, 22 famili, 35 genus dan 38 spesies dengan indeks diversitas 3.41. Sedangkan di pesisir Pantai Glagah Kulon Progo sebanyak 6 ordo, 18 famili, 28 genus dan 32 spesies dengan indeks diversitas 2.61. Kesimpulan penelitian yaitu keanekaragaman serangga permukaan tanah pada perkebunan buah naga di lereng Gunung Merapi Sleman lebih tinggi daripada di kawasan pesisir Pantai Glagah. Peran serangga yang dominan di kedua lokasi sebagai herbivor dan predator. Faktor lingkungan yang mendukung adalah : suhu, kelembaban, intensitas cahaya, curah hujan, pH tanah, vegetasi lantai dan struktur tanah.

Surface soil insects has an important rule as a controller of the balance of ecosystem its existence must be keep remain exist. Ecosystem difference assumed to affect the diversity of soil insects somewhere. The purpose of this research are to known the difference of diversity of soil insects in Glagah beach Kulon Progo and Mount Merapi Sleman, Yogyakarta, Factors that affecting the diversity and the potency from insects that found in both places. This research was done in dragon fruit plantation at the coast of Glagah beach Kulon Progo and at the Mount Merapi Sleman. Sampel was taken using pitfall trap. The trap was filled with alcohol 70% and 11 trap traps was made, and the trap was placed spreading. Indentification was done at Entomology Laboratory, Faculty of Biology UGM and LIPI Bogor. Analysis of diversity was used with INP and Shanon-Wienner index.The result showed that the diversity of soil insects at Mount Merapi consist of 6 orders, 22 families, 35 genuses and 38 species with diversity index 3.41, in Glagah beach was found 6 orders, 18 families, 28 genuses and 32 species with diversity index 2.61. The conclution are the diversity of soil insects at dragon fruit plantation in Mount Merapi higher than Glagah beach coast. The dominant state of insects at both places were found as herbivore and predator. Environmetal factors (temperature, humidity, light intensity, rainfall, soil pH, floor vegetation and soil structure) were affect the insect diversity.

Kata Kunci : keanekaragaman , serangga permukaan tanah, perkebunan buah naga, pesisir Pantai Glagah Kulon Progo, lereng Gunung Merapi Sleman