MINAT LANSIA BERTAHAN TINGGAL DI BALAI PENYANTUNAN LANJUT USIA (BPLU) SENJA CERAH PANIKI KECAMATAN MAPANGET KOTA MANADO SULAWESI UTARA

Santje Masye Tooy, Dr.Dra. Atik Triratnawati, MA

2014 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat

Latar Belakang: Panti wredha di Indonesia masih sangat minim, tidak nyaman, fasilitas dan bangunannya tidak layak pakai sehingga terkesan sebagai tempat pembuangan orang tua yang sudah tidak disayangi oleh keluarganya. Pada umumnya orang tidak mau tinggal di panti karena terasa dibuang keluarganya. Pada usia lanjut manusia membutuhkan lebih rasa kasih sayang, kesenangan bersama dan perasaan diterima. Tujuan: Untuk mengkaji lebih mendalam minat lansia tinggal di BPLU Senja Cerah Paniki Kotamadya Manado. Metode Penelitian: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif dengan rancangan studi kasus. Lokasi penelitian di BPLU Senja Cerah Paniki, Kotamadya Manado. Informan penelitian terdiri dari informan inti (lansia) yang tinggal di panti dan informan pendukung (keluarga lansia dan pengelola panti). Teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam dan observasi. Analisis mengacu pada Miles dan Huberman. Hasil Penelitian: Faktor yang mendorong minat lansia di BPLU meliputi: (1) faktor psikologis, yaitu adanya ketenangan batin; (2) faktor sosial, yaitu lansia dapat menjalin hubungan dengan sesama; (3) faktor ekonomi, yaitu kondisi ekonomi keluarga yang kurang; dan (4) faktor hubungan keluarga, yaitu hubungan tidak harmonis dan dukungan agar beristirahat di panti. Faktor penarik lansia tinggal di BPLU meliputi: (1) jaminan keamanan, karena petugas selalu menyelesaikan permasalahan yang ada; (2) jaminan kesehatan, yaitu adanya kerjasama BPLU dengan puskesmas tentang pelayanan kesehatan lansia, kerjasama dengan akademi keperawatan dalam memberikan pendidikan dan pelayanan kesehatan; (3) jaminan sosial, yaitu lansia membutuhkan orang-orang dalam berelasi sosial terutama kerabat teman sebaya, masyarakat di lingkungannya melalui kegiatan keagamaan, olah raga, arisan; dan (4) jaminan kesejahteraan dan kenyamanan. Kesimpulan: Faktor pendorong lansia tinggal di BPLU meliputi faktor psikologis, faktor sosial, faktor ekonomi, dan faktor hubungan keluarga. Faktor penarik lansia tinggal di BPLU meliputi adanya jaminan keamanan, jaminan kesehatan, jaminan sosial, dan jaminan kesejahteraan. Namun dalam pelaksanaan masih banyak kekurangan oleh karena masalah dana.

Background: Institutions for the elderly in Indonesia commonly have limited facilities and are not comfortable so that they are perceived as places for exile for the elderly unwanted by their families. Most people do not want to stay at the elderly institution; otherwise they will feel being displaced by their family. Elderly people need affection, enjoyment and acceptance. Objective: To find out the interest of the elderly to stay at the house for the elderly (BPLU) Senja Cerah paniki Manado Municipality. Method: The study used quantitative approach and case study design. Location of the study was BPLU Senja Cerah Paniki, Manado municipality. Informant of the study consisted of primary informan (the elderly) staying at the house and support informan (family of the elderly and the manager in charge of the house). Data were obtained through in depth interview and observation. Analysis referred to Miles and Huberman. Results: Factors supporting interest of the elderly at BPLU were: (1) psychological factor, i.e. mental content; (2) social factor, i.e. they could communicate with others; (3) economic factor, i.e. poor economic condition of the family; and (4) factor of family relationship, i.e not in harmony and support of the family to stay at BPLU. Factors attracting the elderly to stay at BPLU consisted of: (1) security assurance, since staff always there to resolve the problem; (2) health assurance, due to cooperation between BPLU and health center serving the elderly, cooperation with nursing school in providing health education and service; (3) social welfare assurance whenever the elderly needed people to have social interraction particularly peers, the community nearby through religious, sports activities and regular social gathering; and (4) welfare and convenience assurance. Conclusion: Factors supporting the elderly to stay at BPLU consisted of psychological, social, economic, and family relation factors. Factors attracting the elderly to stay at BPLU consisted of security assurance, health assurance, social welfare assurance. However, in the implementation the problem of funding had not been resolved yet.

Kata Kunci : Kata kunci: minat, lansia, Balai Penyantunan Lanjut Usia