PEMILIHAN ALAT DAN MESIN PENGENDALIAN HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TANAMAN MELALUI SISTEM PAKAR STUDI KASUS DI DESA SRIMARTANI, KECAMATAN PIYUNGAN, KABUPATEN BANTUL

MUHAMMAD HIDAYATUL MUSTOFA, Ir. Sunarto Ciptohadijoyo, SU.

2014 | Skripsi | TEKNIK PERTANIAN

Pengendalian hama dan penyakit yang tepat sasaran semakin memerlukan perhatian serius agar produksi pertanian dapat optimal dan aman dikonsumsi. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian untuk menyusun database awal terkait pengendalian hama penyakit tanaman dan menentukan biaya operasional alat mesin penyemprot (sprayer) melalui program komputer berupa Sistem Pakar. Penelitian di Desa Srimartani, Kecamatan Piyungan, Kabupaten Bantul dilakukan melalui wawancara, studi literatur, dan pengujian sprayer. Database disusun berdasarkan data wilayah, tanaman, hama, penyakit tanaman, bahan kimia penyemprot, harga bahan, dan data sprayer. Disamping alat dan mesin pengendalian hama dan penyakit, sistem pakar ini juga dikonstruksi untuk pemberian saran teknis waktu penyemprotan dan pemberian keterangan dan informasi tambahan terkait tanaman, hama, dan penyakit tanaman. Database awal pada sistem pakar ini disusun menjadi (1) database wilayah tingkat dusun hingga provinsi, (2) database tanaman mewakili tanaman pangan dan palawija, (3) database hama yang tersusun atas 16 jenis hama, (4) database penyakit tanaman yang tersusun atas 10 jenis penyakit, (5) database bahan kimia penyemprot, (6) database alat mesin penyemprot (sprayer) meliputi 3 tipe sprayer, dan (7) database harga bahan produksi. Dalam pemilihan alat dan mesin pengendalian hama dan penyakit tanaman, sistem pakar dapat memberikan perbandingan biaya operasional dan bahan kimia diperlukan tiap-tiap sprayer. Biaya operasional manual pneumatic sprayer sebesar Rp 268.076,92 /ha, semi-automatic pneumatic sprayer Rp 237.121,43 /ha, dan blower sprayer sebesar Rp 141.176,79 /ha. Kata kunci: Pemilihan, Sprayer, Pengendalian Hama Penyakit, Sistem Pakar

The control of pests and plant disease increasingly require serious attention so that the agricultural production can be optimized and safe to consume. Therefore, a research is needed to compile initial databases relevant of plant pest control and to determine the operating cost of sprayers through computer programs in the form of Expert System. The research in Srimartani Village, Piyungan Subdistrict, Bantul District was conducted through interviews, literature studies, and sprayer testing. Database compiled are based on the region data, plants, pests, plant diseases, chemical sprayers, material prices, and the sprayers data. Besides sprayers, the expert system is also constructed for the provision of technical advice regarding spraying time and provision of additional information related to crops, pests, and plant diseases. The initial database on this expert system are organized into (1) region database from village to the provincial level, (2) plant database representing paddy and coarse grain plants, (3) pest database composed of 16 types of pests, (4) plant disease database composed of 10 types of diseases, (5) database of chemical sprayers, (6) sprayer database which includes three types of sprayer, and (7) production material price database. In the selection of sprayers, the expert system can provide a comparison of operating costs and chemicals needed for each sprayer. The operational costs of pneumatic sprayer manual are Rp 268.076,92/ha, the semiautomatic pneumatic sprayer Rp 237.121,43/ha, and the blower sprayer are Rp 141.176,79/ha. Key word: Selection, Sprayer, Pest and Disease Control , Expert System

Kata Kunci : Pemilihan, Sprayer, Pengendalian Hama Penyakit, Sistem Pakar, Selection, Sprayer, Pest and Disease Control , Expert System