Berawal dari sebuah cita-cita (Studi Tentang Proses Konstruksi Masa Depan Anak-Anak Di Daerah Pedesaan)

WIDYA UTAMA S.ANT, Drs. Pande Made Kutanegara. MA.

2013 | Tesis | S2 Antropologi

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji lebih lanjut tentang cita-cita anak-anak di pedesaan. Lokasi penelitian ini di desa Balingsal, Kecamatan Pedureso Kabupaten Kebumen Jawa Tengah. Saat sekarang ini proses pendewasaan tidak melulu dalam lingkungan keluarga saja, akan tetapi telah diperluas jaringannya melalui beragam media, antara lain media Handphone (HP), sepeda motor dan akses jejaring sosial, khususnyafacebook. Demikian pula dalam proses pendewasaan anak-anak di pedesaan dewasa ini. Terpaan teknologi komunikasi ini telah memperluas cakrawala pengetahuan anak-anak di pedesaan . Secara fisik anak-anak berada di desa ketika ada handphone digenggaman mereka, namun sebenarnya mereka sedang melanglang buana mencari pengetahuan baru dengan menggunakan fasilitas internet yang dapat mereka akses melalui handphone. Demikian juga dengan sepeda motor yang memperpendek jarak tempuh yang mereka lalui menuju kota. Dengan menelaah lebih lanjut terhadap bagaimana anak-anak memanfaatkan Handphone, bagaimana mereka memperlakukan sepeda motornya dan apa yang mereka munculkan dalam jejaring sosial media, khususnyafacebook, maka kita dapat mengetahui bagaimana anak-anak desa ini mengonstruksikan cita-cita yang selama ini mereka inginkan. Hasil dari penelitian ini berusaha memperlihatkan bagaimana cita-cita anak-anak yang hidup di daerah pedesaan ini telah berubah. Mereka memperbarui citra diri dan membangun identitas baru. Nampaknya desa sudah tidak bisa memenuhi apa yang dibutuhkan anak-anak dalam mencapai cita-citanya. Ketika anak-anak desa Balingasal memanfatkan ketiga media, Handphone, sepeda motor dan layanan internet, media-media yang mereka miliki itu menjadi ajang untuk berganti identitas baru. Mereka menjelma menjadi orang lain, bukan menjadi anak desa lagi. Perubahan ini tidak hanya didorong motif ekonomi saja, namun juga ada nilai- nilai lain yang menjadi halusinasi yang ada dalam aspirasi anak-anak yang tidak sesuai lagi dengan nilai-nilai yang mereka terima di desa, yang selalu mengusik mereka. Oleh karena itu, tindakan konsumerisme, dengan memiliki Handphone atau sepeda motorterbaru menjadi jalan untuk memperoleh kebahagiaan.

The purpose of this study was to examine in depth the ideals of children in the countryside. The research was carried out in the village of Balingasal located at Pedureso,Kebumendistrict in Central Java. Nowadays the art of raising children is not confined solely to the family. It has also been absorbed by a youngster’s external contact, this includes instant communication such as mobile phone, motorcycles and access to social websites, with in particular to Face book. This is equally valid for urban children on their way to become adult, as for those who are living in the countryside. Exposure to these communication technologies has expanded the horizon of knowledge, wherever they are living. Physically, children in the village can hold their mobile phones in their hand, but in reality they are travelling across the globe. Looking for new pieces of interest and knowledge by using internet facility, which they can access on their screen. Likewise, motorcycles have shortened the distance to reach the citywhere the bright lights are and new adventures start. With this research on how children take advantage of their mobile phone, how they treat the advantage of easy transportation and what they come up with on their the social networks,it is possible toimagineand take the next step to see howvillage youth construct their ideals and what they desire. The results of this study attempts to demonstrate how the ideals of rural youth have changed. They have renewed their self-image and have built a new identity in the process. It is effortlessly to see that the village is not able to fulfill what is desired by those children to achievetheir goals. As soon as the young generation of Balingasal have connected to the three most powerful agents of communication; mobile phone, motorcycle and the internet, they have experienced a metamorphosis and taken on a new personality. They transform into another person, just as sophisticated as their urban counterpart. This change is driven not only by economic advances, but also by other values. Those are dreams that have appeared in the aspiration of many children in the countryside who felt always at odd with the village values they were raised with and somehow always something that bothered them. Therefore, on the road to consumerism, armedwith a mobile phone in their hand or with the latest motorcycle at their side, for many this is the roadto travel and an ideal picture forhappiness to become true.

Kata Kunci : Cita-cita, Anak-anak, Proses Konstruksi, Daerah Pedesaan