PABRIK AMIL ALKOHOL DARI VALERALDEHID DAN HIDROGEN KAPASITAS 15.000 TON/TAHUN

HAFIZH SIDQI, Ir. Agus Prasetya,M.eng.Sc.Ph.D

2013 | Skripsi | TEKNIK KIMIA

Pembuatan amil alkohol dilakukan dengan cara hidrogenasi senyawa valeraldehid. Reaksi ini merupakan reaksi katalitik gas-gas dengan katalis Cu- ZnO berpenyangga alumina. Reaktor yang digunakan pada proses ini adalah fixed-bed multitube. Produk samping yang dihasilkan adalah 2-metil 1-butanol, produk ini dihasilkan karena adanya pengotor berupa 2-methyl 1-butiraldehid dari valeraldehid. Pabrik amil alkohol dari valeraldehid dan hidrogen dirancang dengan kapasitas 15000 ton/tahun dan beroperasi secara kontinyu selama 330 hari/tahun dan 24 jam/hari. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah amil alkohol dengan kemurnian 98% dan sisanya berupa pengotor. Bahan baku yang digunakan adalah valeraldehid sebanyak 15399,4896 ton/tahun dan hidrogen sebanyak 341,1936 kg/jam. Kebutuhan steam sebanyak 32504,54 kg/jam, air sebanyak 19581,91 kg/jam, udara tekan sebanyak 57,6 ft3/menit, batu bara sebanyak 4508,0624 kg/jam, dan kebutuhan listrik 1806040,80 kwh. Pabrik ini direncanakan akan didirikan di Kabupaten Cilegon, Jawa Barat dengan luas tanah 53650 m2 dan mempekerjakan 200 orang karyawan. Modal tetap yang diperlukan sebesar US$ 34950209,17+Rp157378169776,09; modal kerja US$ 63742193,25+ Rp 4738566216,51; manufacturing cost sebesar US$ 205314325,09 + Rp 34367623108,74; general expense sebesar US$ 64006168,12 + Rp 33534963908,97. Keuntungan sebelum pajak Rp 232756579538,09 dan keuntungan sesudah pajak Rp 186205263630,47. Dari hasil perhitungan diperoleh Return on Investment (ROI) sebelum pajak 46,56%, sesudah pajak 37,25%; Pay Out Time (POT) sebelum pajak 1,77 tahun, sesudah pajak 2,12 tahun; Break Even Point 54%; Shut Down Point 41%, dan Discounted Cash Flow Rate Of Return 40 %. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan evaluasi ekonomi tersebut, maka pabrik amil alkohol dari valeraldehid dan hidrogen dengan kapasitas 15000 ton/tahun cukup menarik.

Amyl alcohol manufacturing is done by hydrogenation of compound valeraldehid. This reaction is a catalytic reaction of gases with Cu-ZnO catalyst with alumina support. The reactor in this process is a fixed-bed multitube. The resulting byproduct is 2-methyl 1-butanol, this product resulting from the impurities in the form of 2-methyl-1-butiraldehid of valeraldehid. Factory of amyl alcohol and hydrogen valeraldehid designed with a capacity of 15000 tons / year and operated continuously for 330 days / year and 24 hours / day. The results obtained with purity amyl alcohol is 98% and the rest of the impurities. The raw material used is much valeraldehid 15399.4896 tons / year and as much hydrogen 341.1936 kg / hour. Steam demand as much 32504.54 kg / hour, as much water 19581.91 kg / hour, as many as 57.6 ft3/menit compressed air, as much coal 4508.0624 kg / hour, and the need 1,806,040.80 kwh electricity. The plant is planned to be established in the District of Cilegon, West Java, with a land area of 53 650 m2 and employs 200 employees. Necessary fixed capital of U.S. $ 34,950,209.17 + Rp157378169776, 09; capital U.S. $ 63,742,193.25 + USD 4,738,566,216.51; manufacturing cost amounted to U.S. $ 205,314,325.09 + Rp 34,367,623,108.74; General expense of U.S. $ 64,006,168.12 + Rp 33,534,963,908.97. Profit before tax of Rp 232,756,579,538.09 and profit after tax of Rp 186,205,263,630.47. From the calculations, Return on Investment (ROI) before taxes 46.56%, 37.25% after tax; Pay Out Time (POT) before tax of 1.77 years, 2.12 years after tax; Break Even Point 54%; Shut Down Point 41%, and Discounted Cash Flow Rate Of Return 40%. Based on the calculation of the economic evaluation, the manufacturer of valeraldehid amyl alcohol and hydrogen with a capacity of 15000 tons / year is quite interesting.

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