KONSTRAK SPIRITUALITAS DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP PSYCHOLOGICAL CAPITAL, SERVANT LEADERSHIP, DAN KINERJA MANAJER
Samiyanto, Ir., M.Sc., Prof. Dr. Djamaludin Ancok
2011 | Disertasi | S3 Psikologi-
Spirituality is presently one important theme that has attracted considerable attention from all section of society in many countries: the general public, companies, as well as experts/professionals. This phenomenon has also received serious consideration among researchers in the field of psychology. A clear indication of evidence of interest in spirituality is the effort made to formulate a definition and to develop the construct of spirituality in a more comprehensive way, and to conduct empirical research. However, the fact remains that there has been very little research done on spirituality in connection with the performance of an organization. This research aims to solve two problems relating to spirituaty in an organization, i.e the formulation of theoretical construct of spirituality along with their measuring instruments, and the influence of spirituality on Psychological Capital (PsyCap), leadership behavior (Servant Leadership), and manager’s Performance of a company. The research subjects consisted of 508 managers in state-owned plantation enterprises located on the island of Java. The research results showed that the theoretical model of the construct of spirituality which consists of the dimensions of Self Consciousness, Humanity/Mankind Consciousness, Universe Consciousness, Life’s Journey Consciousness, and God Consciousness were congruent with the empirical data. The measuring instrument developed from the construct of Spirituality were reliable and valid. By using the SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis, the relational model of Spirituality with regard to PsyCap, Servant Leadership, and manager’s Performance were accord with the empirical data. A manager’s level of spirituality had a positive and significant influence on the level of PsyCap and Servant Leadership. A manager’s level of Servant Leader had a positive and significant influence on his/her Performance in which Servant Leadership served as a mediator variable for the relation between the level of the manager’s Spirituality and Performance. On the other hand, a manager’s level of Spirituality and PsyCap had no significant influence on his/her level of Performance. Implications that have emerged from the research results are presented in the form of recommendations both in the context of further study in psychology and in the context of effectiveness in management of an organization
Kata Kunci : Spirituality, Psychological Capital, Servant Leadership, Performance
