Peran fasilitator pada program nasional pemberdayaan masyarakat - program penanggulangan kemiskinan perkotaan di Kota Bau-Bau

LAODE, Ringo Taufan, Dr. Budi Guntoro

2010 | Tesis | S2 Penyuluhan dan Komunikasi Pembangunan

Fasilitator PNPM-P2KP adalah bertugas mendampingi masyarakat agar masyarakat menjadi berdaya. Fasilitator direkrut oleh PNPM-P2KP melalui proses seleksi yang begitu panjang dan lama. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk :Pertama,mengetahui peran fasilitator kelurahaan pada pelaksanaan PNPM-P2KP. Kedua,mengetahui strategi yang dilakukan fasilitator dalam membangun komunikasi dengan institusi pendukung PNPM-P2KP agar terwujud pemberdayaan di masyarakat.Metode penilitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer diperoleh dengan menggunakan metode observasi dan awancara dengan fasilitator yang bertugas mendampingi Kelurahan Badia dan Kelurahan Warurumah, aparat Kelurahan Badia dan aparat Kelurahan Warurumah, tokoh masyarakat, tokoh agama dan tokoh adat.Data skunder dikumpulkan dari beberapa sumber yaitu PNPM-P2KP, Badan Keswadayaan Masyarakat, Kelurahan Badia dan Kelurahan Warurumah.Dari hasil penelitian dan analisis data yang peneliti lakukan, diketahui bahwa peran fasilitator dalam di lapangan masih selalu berbenturan dengan kepentingan proyek sehingga peran fasilitator dalam rangka menyukseskan perannya sebagai agen pemberdaya di masyarakat belum bisa berjalan dengan maksimal sehingga peran fasilitator hanya selalu berperan sebagai pendidik yang bertugas sebagai pemateri pada kegiatan pelatihan tentang PNPM-P2KP, pelaksana teknis yang hanya melakukan peran-peran teknis dari Korkot kepada masyarakat atau sebaliknya,pembawa pesan yang diberikan oleh Korkot kepada masyarakat atau sebaliknya.Sedangkan perannya sebagai pemberi motivator hanya sedikit yang bisa fasilitator lakukan di lapangan. Perannya sebagai perwakilan masyarakat belum dapat fasilitator laksanakan dalam menyambung aspirasi masyarakat kepada pihak-pihak yang berhubungan dengan kepentingan masyarakat miskin di Kelurahan dampingannya.Dan perannya untuk memediasi dan menegosiasi agar mampu mewujudkan kepentingan masyarakat dampingannya dari institusi atau pihak luar.

PNPM-P2KP Facilitator is officer who works to assist any community to make them to be empowered. The Facilitator was recruited by PNPM-P2KP through many stages and taking so long time selection, since after the facilitator is stated to be accepted at PNPM-P2KP then the facilitator should be trained about PNPM-P2KP for eight days. This study has some purposes, the first, to determine the role of subdistrict facilitator on PNPMP2KP implementation. Secondly, to determine the strategy which conducted by the facilitator in building communication among supporting institutions of PNPM-P2KP in implementing empowerment in the community. The method which used in this study was descriptive qualitative method by using primary and secondary data. The primary data were gained by using observation and interview methods with assisting Badia sub-district and Warurumah sub-district, the official of Badia sub-district and official of Warurumah sub-district, public figures, religious figures and cultural figures. The secondary data were collected from PNPM-P2KP, Public empowerment institution / badan Keswadayaan Masyarakat, Badia sub-district and Warurumah sub-district.From the study result and data analysis, was determined that facilitator’s role in implementing the PNPM-P2KP activity in field task was still get confused with project interest that has characteristic to be forced, furthermore, the role of the facilitator in succeeding their role as empowerment agent within the community has not yet ran maximally hence the facilitator’s roles were only as educator who has duty as material-source in training activity about PNPM-P2KP to its assisted community, technical implementation agent whose just conducting technical roles and Korkot toward the community and also inversely. While its role as motivatorinitiative,was so small for being facilitator to conduct at the field. Their role for public representation was not yet being capable to conduct in representing public aspiration toward parties who have interest to poor community interest in their assisted sub-district. And their role for mediation and negotiation to be capable in implementing interest of its assisted community and institution or outer side those related with tackling process of their assisted community has not yet been conducted by the facilitators.

Kata Kunci : Peran fasilitator,PNPM,P2KP,The role facilitator and national program of community empowerment urban reduction program