Keanekaragaman jenis burung di Jasirah Leitimur Pulau Ambon

SAHUSILAWANE, John. F, Dr. Satyawan Pudyatmoko, M.Sc

2010 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui komposisi keanekaragaman jenis satwa burung serta struktur dan komposisi vegetasi, mengetahui variabel – variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap keanekaragaman jenis burung pada hutan Lindung, yaitu hutan Lindung Gunung Sirimau, hutan Lindung Gunung Nona serta yang bukan hutan Lindung yaitu hutan desa Hutumury dan hutan Desa Lehary. Penelitian dilakukan selama tiga bulan dari bulan September sampai bulan November 2009. Pengamatan burung dan variabel – variabel habitat dengan menggunakan metode Point Count sehingga terdapat tiga puluh titik pengamatan di setiap lokasi penelitian, dengan jari – jari 30 m, jarak antar plot adalah 200 m. Hasil analisa terhadap burung dan vegetasi pada hutan lindung dan bukan hutan lindung tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan baik untuk indeks keanekaragaman jenis maupun kerapatan jenisnya, untuk hutan lindung Gunung Sirimau berjumlah 25 jenis burung dan 21 jenis untuk hutan lindung Gunung Nona, sedangkan diluar hutan lindung yaitu hutan desa Leahari berjumlah 22 jenis burung dan hutan desa Hutumuri 23 jenis, indeks perbedaan komunitas untuk jenis burung juga tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan sedangkan untuk vegetasi ada sedikit perbedaan tetapi tidak terlalu signifikan. Jenis burung didominasi oleh burung Mata Merah (Aplonis Motalica ) dan vegetasi 50% lebih terdiri dari tanaman buah – buahan.Hasil analisa regresi menunjukan bahwa untuk empat lokasi penelitian yaitu hutan Lindung Gunung Nona, hutan lindung Gunung Sirimau, hutan Desa Leahary dan untuk hutan desa Hutumury dari ke duabelas variabel hanya mempunyai dua variabel yang sangat kuat pengaruhnya terhadap jumlah keanekaragaman jenis burung yaitu jumlah keanekaragaman jenis vegetasi dan kerapatan jenis vegetasi.

This study was conducted to know the composition of diversity of birds and the stucture and the vegetation composition, to know the variables that have the most influntial to the diversity of birds in the protected forest, that are the protected forests of Sirimau and Gunung Nona, and in the non-protected forest, that are in the village forests of Hutumury and Lehary. This study was conducted for three months since September 2009 to November 2009. The observation of birds and variables of their habitats was conducted using Point Count method, and it found thirty points of observation in each location,with the trellis of 30 cm and the plot distance of 200 m in long. The results of birds and vegetation analysis in the protected forest and non-protected forest have not any ifferent, both analysis of diversity and bird density. There were 25 kinds of birds in the protected forest of Gunung Sirimau, and 21 kinds in Gunung Nona.Outside of the protected forest, that were in the village forests of Leahari and Hutumuri, that were 22 and 23 kinds respectively. There was not any significant different for index of community different, and there was a little different for vegetation but it was not so significant. The kind of birds was dominated by Mata Merah (Aplonis Motalica), and more than 50% of vegetation was dominated by fruits. The Regression Analysis showed that in four location, that were the protected forest of Gunung Nona, Gunung Sirimau, the village forest of Leahary, Hutumury there were twelve variables and only two of them were influntial to the birds diversity, that were the diversity of vegetation and its density.

Kata Kunci : Keanekaragaman jenis burung,Keanekaragaman jenis vegetasi hutan lindung dan bukan hutan lindung, diversity of birds, diversity of vegetation, protected forest and nonprotected forest.