Ancaman SALW (Small Arms and Light Weapon) bagi keamanan Asia Tenggara

SOURIVONG, Panethong, Drs. Dafri Agussalim, MA

2009 | Tesis | S2 Hubungan Internasional

Small Arms and Lights Weapons (SALW) bertanggung jawab atas banyaknya korban kematian sejak tahun 1945. Sebuah survei menunjukkan bahwa SALW telah memakan korban sebanyak 500.000 orang setiap tahunya. Konflik bersenjata yang berubah dari konflik inter-state ke intra state menyebabkan banyaknya jumlah korban yang disebabkan oleh SALW. Peredaran SALW di Asia Tenggara cukup marak. Banyaknya daerah konflik di kawasan ini, membuat ekskalasi peredaran semakin luas. Banyaknya negara lemah di kawasan ini, ikut menyumbang luasnya peredaran SALW. Negara lemah tidak mempunyai kapabilitas yang baik dalam mengontrol peredaran SALW di Asia Tenggara. Selain lemahnya pengawasan negara-negara di kawasan Asia Tenggara, gerakan-gerakan separatis, organisasi kejahatan, terorisme, dan peredaran narkotika ikut memberi andil dalam persoalan peredaran SALW secara illegal di Asia Tenggara. Kepemilikan SALW oleh gerakan separatis, organisasi kejahatan, dan kelompok-kelompok terorisme sangatlah berbahaya. Kepemilikan senjata-senjata tersebut akan meningkatkan skala kekerasan antara pemerintah dan gerakan teroris, organisasi kejahatan, serta kelompok terorisme. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persoalan peredaran SALW bukan hanya persoalan keamanan internasional, tetapi juga merupakan persoalan regional bahkan lokal. Peredaran SALW secara illegal menimbulkan ancaman bagi keamanan manusia, negara, serta kawasan. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa persoalan peredaran SALW illegal merupakan suatu hal yang rumit. D alam menanggulangi peredaran SALW illegal perlu adanya suatu kerjasama antara negara-negara di kawasan. Peredaran SALW illegal di Asia Tenggara tidak hanya melibatkan negara-negara di kawasan ini. Karena itu diperlukan suatu kerjasama yang bersifat multilateral dalam mencegah peredaran SALW illegal. Forum dialog seperti ARF dapat memperlihatkan bahwa dengan adanya intensitas dialog yang bersifat multilateral, dapat meningkatkan rasa saling percaya dan mendorong kerjasama yang erat antar negara dalam menyikapi peredaran SALW illegal di Asia Tenggara. Jenis penelitian dalam penulisan thesis ini adalah deskriptif analitis. Sedangkan metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi kepustakaan dengan metode pengumpulan data-data sekunder dari bahan bacaan (buku, teks, jurnal ilmiah dan surat kabar) serta data dari internet.

Small Arms and Lights Weapons (SALW) are in control of a lot of death victim since year 1945. One survey points out that SALW has eaten victim as much 500.000 person each its tofu. Changed armored conflict of conflicting inter state to intra state cause a lot of victim amount that because of SALW. SALW'S circulation at glows enough South-east Asia. A lot of it conflict region at thisa, making circulatory ekskalasi getting extent. A lot of it state rans down at thisa, following kicks in its extent SALW'S circulation. Poor state doesn't have kapabilitas that good deep control SALW'S circulation at South-east Asia. Besides frail it state observation at South-east Asia area, separatist movements, criminological organization, terrorism, and narcotic circulation comes on to give share in SALW'S circulatory problem illegal's ala at South-east Asia. SALW'S ownership by separatist movement, criminological organization, and terrorism group very perilous. That weapon ownership will increase violence scale among commanding and terrorist movement, criminological organization, and terrorism group. Result observationaling to point out that SALW'S circulatory problem is not just problem international security, but also constitute regional problem even local. SALW'S circulation illegal's ala evoke threat for man security, state, and area. It points out that SALW Illegal's circulatory problem constitutes an elaborate thing. In tackling SALW Illegal's circulation needs to mark sense a collaboration among states at area. SALW Illegal's circulation at South-east Asia not only involve states at thisa. In consequence needful a collaboration that gets multilateral character in prevent SALW Illegal's circulation. Dialogue forum as ARF gets to show that with marks sense dialogue intensity that gets multilateral character, can increase taste mutually believe and pushes hand in glove collaboration internation in behave SALW Illegal's circulation at South-east Asia. Observational type in inscriptive this paper is descriptive analytical. Meanwhile research method that is utilized is bibliographical study with secondary data collecting method of material reading (book, text, scientific journal and newspaper) and data of Internet.

Kata Kunci : SALW,ASEAN,ARF,Keamanan, SALW, ASEAN, ARF, Security