Program Community Development PT. Agro Menara Rahmad di Desa Runtu Kecamatan Arut Selatan Kabupaten Kotawaringin Barat

SAYUTI, Dr. Suharko

2007 | Tesis | S2 Sosiologi (Kebijakan dan Kesejahteraan Sosial)

Berdasarkan fakta dan kenyataan di daerah kabupaten kotawaringin barat luas areal tanaman perkebunan sebagian besar dikuasai oleh perusahaan besar swasta yang akan memberikan dampak sosial yang timbul berupa permasalahan lahan dan kesenjangan sosial antara masyarakat dan perusahaan, sehingga dibutuhkan kebijakan yang diambil oleh perusahaan terhadap masyarakat yang ada di sekitar perusahaan. Sebagian besar masyarakat yang hidup di sekitar perusahaan adalah masyarakat miskin yang masih memerlukan bantuan-bantuan sosial berupa pelayanan-pelayanan kesehatan, pelayanan pendidikan, pemberdayaan masyarakat dan lain-lainnya. Hal ini karena perusahaan sudah mendapatkan keuntungan secara ekonomis sehingga sewajarnya kalau perusahaan mendistribusikan sebagian keuntungan perusahaan untuk masyarakat di sekitar perusahaan. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengkaji tentang program community development PT. Agro Menara Rahmad terhadap masyarakat di desa runtu kecamatan arut selatan kabupaten kotawaringin barat Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah para pejabat perusahaan, perangkat desa, tokoh masyarakat dan masyarakat penerima program. Teknik pengumpulkan data dalam penelitian ini adalah wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi. Proses analisis data adalah dengan menjelaskan pola uraian dan mencari hubungan diantara dimensi-dimensi melalui tahapan yaitu reduksi data, penyajian dan penarikan kesimpulan/verifikasi. Penyajian data merupakan proses pengelompokkan data-data dalam upaya untuk menyimpulkan data, yang akan dilakukan dengan sebuah deskripsi yang berisi penjelasan stematik sesuai dengan hasil penemuan di lapangan. Berdasarkan analisis data yang dilakukan maka diperoleh hasil: Pelaksanaan program community development PT.AAL melalui anak perusahaannya PT. AMR merupakan tanggungjawab sosial perusahaan terhadap masyarakat disekitar perusahaan. Program community development di rumuskan berdasarkan hasil survey dan kebutuhan masyarakat, disesuaikan dengan kemampuan masyarakat menerima program serta anggaran perusahaan. Dalam perencanaan program community developmant, masyarakat terlibat langsung dalam menentukan jenis program. Untuk meminimalisir dan meredam terjadinya konflik antara masyarakat dan perusahaan pada tanggal 23 Agustus 2006 MOU ditanda tangani antara Bupati Kotawaringin Barat dan PT. Astra Agro Lestari Tbk. yang diketahui oleh Ketua DPRD. Dalam MOU tersebut pemerintah daerah dan perusahaan berpartisipati penuh untuk meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat melalui pemberdayaan masyarakat dengan pola kemitraan swadaya kebun sawit di desa-desa disekitar perusahaan. Program kemitraan Income Generating Activities (IGA) kebun kelapa sawit tahun 2003 merupakan bantuan perusahaan perkebunan kepada masyarakat desa runtu untuk meningkatkan pendapatan melalui kegiatan pengembangan usaha. Pada tahun 2007 sebagian besar kelompok tani karya sejahtera di desa runtu telah menikmati hasil kebun sehingga dapat mulai mengangsur pinjaman kepada perusahaan. Dalam kontek program community development (kemitraan IGA) di desa runtu dapat dikatakan berhasil dan dilaksanakan dengan baik. Muara dari program community development merupakan pemberdayaan masyarakat, masyarakat dilibatkan secara penuh dan masyarakat aktif dalam melaksanaan program.

The facts in the field showed that the majority of farm areas in Kotawaringin Barat district were controlled by large companies. This situation inevitably had social implications including problems of land control and social gap between the companies operating in the region and the local community. The companies were required to implement special policies regarding the surrounding communities. Most of the local people were poor and they still needed social aids in the forms of health and educational services as well as other community empowerment program. These companies should implement such policies since their operations had been economically profitable. Therefore, distributing some portion of their profits to the communities around them was considered as fair. This study was aimed to examine community development program carried out by PT. Agro Menara Rahmad in Runtu village of Arut Selatan sub district, Kotawaringin Barat district. It was a descriptive-qualitative study. The analysis units of this study were company officials, village government staffs, community figures, and the beneficiaries of the program. Data of study were collected through interviews, observations, and documentations. In the analysis of data, they were explained and the relationships among the dimensions of data were shown. The analysis followed the steps from reduction data, presentation data, and deriving conclusions/verification. Presentation of data was a process classification to make conclusions through systematic explanations according to the findings in the field. The analysis of data indicated that the implementation of community development program by PT. AAL through its subsidiary, PT. AMR, was a form of social responsibility of the company to the surrounding community. This program was formulated based on the survey results and the needs of the community. It was also adjusted to according the capacity of the program beneficiaries and allocated budget of the company. The people were directly involved in the planning process of the program and in the selection of programs to be carried out. To minimize potential conflicts between the community and the company, the district head of Kotawaringin Barat and PT. Astra Agro Lestari Tbk., witnessed by the Local Assembly chief, had signed a MOU on August 23 2006. Under this MOU, the local government and the company would fully participate in efforts to improve people income in the form of partnership establishment of independent coconut plantation in the villages around the company. The partnership program in such Income Generating Activities (IGA) carried out since 2003 was the company assistance for people coconut plantations in Runtu village to improve their income through intensification efforts. In 2007, most of the farmers association of tani karya sejahtera in Runtu village had enjoyed the harvest of their plantations and were able to return their loan in installments to the company. The community development program (IGA partnership) in Runtu village was considered as well-implemented and successful. The ultimate goal of such community development program was the empowerment of the community, where the community had full participation and active in its implementation.

Kata Kunci : Kebijakan Publik,Program Community Development