The Role of Panjang Port for the economy of the City of Bandar Lampung
RUSITA, Dr.Ir. Bondan Hermanislamet, M.Sc
2006 | Tesis | Magister Perencanaan Kota dan DaerahKeberadaan pelabuhan merupakan keuntungan yang potensial bagi suatu kota. Pelabuhan dapan memberikan kontribusi terhadap pembangunan kota terutama bagi sektor ekonomi. Kota Bandar Lampung adalah salah satu kota di Indonesia yang mcmiliki pelabuhan yaitu pelabuhan Panjang. Pelabuhan ini tidak hanya melayani pelayaran domestik tetapi juga pelayaran internasional. Penditian ini mencoba untuk mengetahui peranan pelabuhan Panjang terhadap kota Bandar Lampung. Dalam hal ini dilakukan tiga pendekatan yaitu pelayanan utama pelabuhan yang berhubungan dengan distribusi barang, kontribusi pelabuhan terhadap sektor tenaga kerja dan kontribusi pelabuhan terhadap PDRB kota Bandar Lampung. Penelitian ini menggunakan deskriptif eksplanatory dimana data sekunder digunakan sebagai sumber utama dalam periode waktu 2000- 2004. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa pelabuhan Panjang mempunyai peranan yang penting terhadap aktivitas ekonomi kota. Pelabuhan Panj ang merupakan salah satu infrastruktur utama bagi aktivitas pertanian, industri dan perdagangan tidak hanya bagi kota Bandar Lampung tetapi juga bagi hinterlandnya. Pelabuhan Panjang mendukung pendistribusian barang-bairang pertanian, industri dan konsumsi. Selain itu juga mendukung dalam mensuplai produk-produk yang dibutuhkan bagi aktivitas sektor pertanian, konstruksi dan industri. Pada sektor tenaga kelj a, proporsi tenaga ketja pelabuhan Panjang terhadap jumlah total tenaga kerja di Bandar Lampung relatif rendah yaitu berkisar antara 0.09 sampai 0.11 persen. Meskipun begitu Pelabuhan Panigang temyata memberikan kontribusi yang cukup berarti bagi pendapatan kota. Selama periode 2 00- 2004, kontribusi nilai tambah pelabuhan berkisar antara 1.5 sampai 2.5 persen dari total PDRB kota Bandar Lampung. Ini adalah peranan ini cukup besar dari satu unit usaha bagi ekonomi suatu kota. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun pelabuhan Panj ang tidak menyerap sejumlah besar tenaga kerj a, berdasarkan peranan yang diberikan pelabuhan baik terhadap aktivitas ekonomi maupun pendapatan kota menunjukkan bahwa keberadaan pelabuhan Panjang sangat penting bagi pembangunan ekonomi kota Bandar Lampung. Diahir penelitian dirckomendasikan kepada Pemerintah Kota Bandar Lampung untuk memaksimalkan keuntungan keberadaan pelabuhan Idan mendukung kinerja pelabuhan untuk lebih baik lagi.
The existence of a port is a potential advantage for a city. It can contribute to the city development, especially economically. The city of Bandar Lampung is one of the cities in Indonesia owning a seaport, namely the Panjang port. This port serves not only domestic but also international shipping. From the beginning, the establishment of the Panjang port was aimed at supporting the economic activities of the region. This research tries to understand the role of the Panjang port in the economy of the city of Bandar Lampung. In this study, in order to recognize the role of the Panjang port three approaches are used. Firstly, the main services which are related to goods distribution conducted by the port; secondly, the contribution of the port to the employment sector; and finally, the contribution of the port to city income. This study is based on descriptive and explanatory research in which the secondary data from 2000-2004 is used as the main resource. The findings of the research are that the Panjang port has an important role in the economic activities of the city. It is as one of main infrastructures for the agricultural, industrial and trading activities, both in the city of Bandar Lampung and its surrounding area. It supports the distribution of industrial, agricultural and consumption products of the city. It also supports the economic activities by supplying essential products needed for agriculture, construction and industry. In order to address foreign trade, the Panjang port exports and imports to and from many countries in the world including Asia, Europe, America, Australia or Africa. The main destination countries for export through the Panjang Port are the USA, Japan, the Netherlands, Germany and China. Meanwhile, the main countries for import are Singapore, Kuwait, Australia and China. In relation to the employment sector, the Panjang port employs between 0.09 to 0.11 percent of the total number of the employees in Bandar Lampung The Panjang port makes a significant contribution to the income of the city. During 2000- 2004, its added value share was about 1.5 to 2.5 percent of the total GRDP of Bandar Lampung. This is a considerable contribution for one enterprise to the economy of the city. In conclusion, even though the Panjang port is not a big user of labour, it is necessary to recognize that the presence of the Panjang port is of vital importance to the economic development of the city. At the end of the research, I give some recommendations to the local government of Bandar Lampung city to optimize the benefits of the port for example attracting business as well as investment activities and supporting the Panjang port in order to perform better. Advanced urban services in fields such as finance, management consultancy, technical assistance, applied research, information and telecommunication can be provided as well as marine and port related professional services, space for logistics activities and inland transport connections.
Kata Kunci : Pembangunan Kota,Pelabuhan,PDRB, GRDP, Added value, Employment
