Evaluasi awal uji keturunan SHorea parvifolia dyer di PT. Suka Jaya Makmur Kalimantan Barat

ANTONIUS, Prof.Dr.Ir. H. Mohammad Na'iem, M.Agr

2006 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kehutanan

Dua tantangan besar di hadapi kehutanan Indonesia pada abad ke-21, yaitu pasar bebas dan ekolabel sehingga perlu membangun hutan tanaman yang produktif, efisien, kompetitif, sehat dan lestari melalui penerapan silvikultur intensif. Evaluasi awal uji keturunan 80 famili Shorea parvifolia Dyer bertujuan untuk : (1) membangun uji keturunan, (2) mengetahui besarnya nilai heritabilitas dan nilai korelasi genetik. Penelitian dilakukan pada tanaman uji keturunan Shorea parvifolia Dyer umur tiga bulan di PT. Suka Jaya Makmur Kalimantan Barat. Jumlah seedlot 80, terdiri dari 64 seedlot populasi PT. Suka Jaya Makmur, 13 seedlot populasi PT. SBK dan 3 seedlot populasi PT. Erna Djuliawaty. Penanaman menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap berblok dengan 8 blok dan 4 treeplot. Pengumpulan benih dan penyemaian dilaksanakan pada Bulan Maret – April 2005, sedangkan penanaman dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari 2006, setelah semai berumur sekitar 10 bulan dengan jarak tanam 6 x 3 meter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat variasi genetik tinggi dan diameter tanaman. Seedlot-seedlot yang di uji menunjukkan perbedaan yang nyata. Tiga seedlot terbaik berturut-turut adalah: pada pengukuran akhir nomor seedlot 22043, 22042 dan 22047, dan pada selisih pengukuran akhir dengan awal terdapat pada seedlot nomor 22046, 22043 dan 11050. Taksiran nilai heritabilitas termasuk tinggi pada pengukuran akhir, berkisar antara 0,62 sampai 0,91, sedangkan pada selisih pengukuran akhir dengan awal nilai heritabilitasnya termasuk rendah sampai sedang, berkisar antara 0,19 sampai 0,3. Perolehan genetik termasuk tinggi untuk pengukuran akhir, berkisar antara 11,875% sampai 20,13% dan cukup tinggi untuk selisih pengukuran akhir dengan awal, yaitu antara 7,14% sampai 12,986%. Korelasi genetik antara parameter tinggi dengan diameter tanaman diperoleh nilai positif sebesar 0,9079 pada pengukuran akhir dan 0,1358 pada selisih pengukuran akhir dengan awal.

Two big challenge facing Indonesian Forestry of the 21th century is free trade and ecolabel, so that require to develop build forest which is productive, efficient, competitive, everlasting and healthy through applying of intensive silviculture. Early evaluation of progeny test of 80 family of Shorea parvifolia Dyer aims: (1) to develop progeny test, (2) to know the heritability value and the correlation value of genetics. The research has been done to the progeny test crop of three-month- Shorea Parvifolia Dyer at PT. Suka Jaya Makmur in West Kalimantan. The amount of seedlots are 80, consists of 64 seedlots of PT. Suka Jaya Makmur population, 13 seedlots of PT. SBK population, and 3 seedlots of PT. Erna Djuliawaty population. Cultivation uses Randomized Complete Block Design consists of 8 blocks and 4 treeplots. Seed gathering and seedling has been done in March - April 2005, while cultivation has been done in February 2006, after the seedling grew around 10 months with plant spacing for 6 x 3 meter. Research result indicates that there are high genetics variation and crop diameter. The seedlots that have been tested show some obvious differences. Three best seed lots are listed as: in final measurement of seedlots number 22043, 22042 and 22047, and in between final measurement and the first measurement that there are seedlots number 22046, 22043 and 11050. the heritability estimation value is categorized high in final measurement which is ranged from 0,62 until 0,91 while in between final measurement and first measurement the value is categorized low until medium which is ranged from 0,19 until 0,3. Genetics achievement is categorized high in final measurement, which is ranged from 11,875% until 20,13% and almost high in between final measurement and first measurement which is ranged from 7,14% until 12,986%. Genetics correlation between high parameter and crop diameter is obtained by positive value for 0,9079 in final measurement and 0,1358 in between final measurement and first measurement.

Kata Kunci : Hutan Tanaman Produktif,Uji Keturunan, Progeny Tests, Shorea parvifolia Dyer