Evaluasi kondisi perkerasan jalan Kabupaten di SUmbawa dengan metode PCI (Pavement Condition Index)

ROSIHAN, Ir. H. Wardhani Sartono, M.Sc

2006 | Tesis | Magister Sistem dan Teknik Transportasi

Setiap tahun anggaran Dinas Prasarana Wilayah Kabupaten Sumbawa, Nusa Tenggara Barat, melakukan kegiatan pemeliharaan dan peningkatan jalan. Dalam melaksanakan kegiatan tersebut Dinas Praswil Kabupaten Sumbawa memerlukan data kondisi jalan yang berpedoman pada SK. No: 77/KPTS/Db/1990 (Petunjuk Teknis Perencanaan dan Penyusunan Program Jalan Kabupaten), namun terdapat beberapa kriteria kerusakan yang tidak terangkum dalam pedoman tersebut [6 (enam) jenis kerusakan]. Dalam Pavement Condition Index (PCI) penentuan kerusakan perkerasan jalan secara visual (Shahin, 1994, Pavement Management for Airports, Roads and Parking) dapat memberikan kriteria kerusakan yang lebih lengkap [19 (sembilan belas) jenis kerusakan]. Survai penelitian terhadap ruas jalan Kabupaten di kota Sumbawa adalah untuk mendapatkan data kondisi jalan berdasarkan katagori penilaian PCI (Pavement Condition Index). Nilai PCI dari masing-masing ruas dikelompokkan ke dalam 7 (tujuh) rating kondisi jalan yaitu: Failed (0-10%), Verry Poor (11- 25%), Poor (26-40%), Fair (41-55%), Good (56-70%), Very Good (71-85%) dan Excelent (86-100%) yang masing-masing rating diturunkan ke nilai dibawahnya sehingga menjadi 6 (enam) kelompok rating yaitu Verry Poor (0-10%), Poor (11- 25%), Fair (26-40%), Good (41-55%), Very Good (56-70%), dan Excelent (71- 100%). Ke 6 (enam) rating nilai kondisi jalan dari PCI kemudian dikelompokkan dalam pemilihan kategori pekerjaan pemeliharaan dan peningkatan jalan berdasarkan SK.77/KPTS/Db/1990 yang ditentukan berdasarkan penilaian sebagai berikut: Pemeliharaan Rutin (nilai 6-10), Pemeliharaan Periodik (nilai 11-16) dan Pekerjaan/penanganan lainnya (nilai>16). Hasil penelitian diperoleh rating Very Good dan Excelent masuk dalam kegiatan Pemeliharaan Rutin, Fair dan Good masuk Pemeliharaan Periodik serta Verry Poor dan Poor Pekerjaan/penanganan lain (peningkatan jalan). Dari 62 ruas jalan yang disurvei dijumpai 79% ruas mengalami lane/shoulder drop-off, 61% ruas mengalami raveling/weathering, 44% ruas mengalami edge cracking, 40% ruas mengalami kerusakan potholes, 8% ruas mengalami masalah patching, 11% ruas mengalami depression, 7% ruas mengalami alligator cracking, 5% ruas mengalami longitudinal and transverse cracking dan terdapat 3% ruas yang dipasang polisi tidur dengan ketinggian yang sangat mengganggu kenyamanan perjalanan. Penanganan kerusakan kemudian dilakukan sesuai dengan tingkat kerusakan masing-masing yang dilaksanakan pada kegiatan pemeliharaan rutin dan pemeliharaan berkala jalan dan pada kegiatan peningkatan jalan.

Budget of Regional Utility Agency at Regency of Sumbawa, Province of Nusa Tenggara Barat annually performs road maintenance and improvement in activity. In conducting those activities, Agency at Regency of Sumbawa need data of road condition based on SK No. 77/KPTS/Db/1990 (Technical Guidance for Planning and Arranging Road Program in Regency), but there are some criterion of distress uncovering in the guidance [6 (six) kinds of distress]. In Pavement Condition Index (PCI), determining road-hardening distress in visual (Shahin, 1994, Pavement Management for Airports, Road and Parking) can give more complete criterion of distress [19(nineteen) kinds of distress]. Survey of this research on pavement of regency at city of Sumbawa was to obtain data of road condition based on PCI assessment. Value of PCI in each pavement was grouped into 7 (seven) rating of road conditions, namely; Failed (0- 10%), Very Poor (11-25%), Poor (26-40%), Fair (41-55%), Good (56-70%), Very Good (71-85%) and Excellent (86-100%) in which each of rating was integrated to lower value, so that becoming 6 (six)groups of rating. They were Very Poor (0- 10%), Poor (11-25%), Fair (26-40%), Good (41-55%), Very Good (56-70%), and Excellent (71-100%). Sixth rating of PCI’s road condition value were then grouped for choosing working category in road maintenance and improvement according to SK. 77/KPTS/Db/1990 based on assessment as follows: routine maintenance (score 6-10), periodic maintenance (score 11-16) and other working/management (score > 16). Result of the research indicated that Very Good and Excellent rating fell into Routine Maintenance activity, Fair and Good fell into Periodic Maintenance and Very Poor and Poor fell into Other working/Management (Road Improvement). From 62 pavement surveyed, it was found 79% pavement experienced land/shoulder drop-off, 61% pavement experienced raveling/weathering, 44% pavement had edge cracking, 40% pavement experienced potholes, 8% pavement experienced patching problem, 11% pavement experienced depression, 7% pavement experienced alligator cracking, 5% pavement experienced longitudinal and transversal cracking and 3% was equipped bold lining (polisi tidur) that disturbing traffic user. Distress management was then done suitable to level of distress in which each was done routine maintenance and regular maintenance and road improvement in activities.

Kata Kunci : Konstruksi Jalan,Perkerasan,Metode PCI, PCI, SK 77, rating, Routine Maintenance, Periodic Maintenance (Regular), Road Improvement (Other working/Management).