Konflik sosial dalam relokasi Pasar Wage Purwokerto

WIDJATINI, Roch, Dr. Partini

2006 | Tesis | S2 Sosiologi

Pembangunan Pasar Wage Purwokerto telah selesai pada tanggal 10 April 2002, tetapi sampai saat ini masih menimbulkan konflik. Konflik timbul karena pembangunan tidak sesuai dengan rencana awal, yakni renovasi dan perluasan. Begitu pasar selesai dibangun, pedagang harus pindah ke lokasi baru. Penempatan inilah yang menjadikan konflik berkepanjangan. Lokasi pedagang, terutama pedagang kecil, mendapatkan tempat kurang strategis. Mereka sering mengeluh, dengan dibangunnya Pasar Wage yang baru, justru omset dagangannya menurun yang menyebabkan merugi. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui sebab-sebab terjadinya konflik dalam proses relokasi Pasar Wage, dan melihat bagaimana resolusi dalam mengatasi konflik tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Lokasi penelitian berada di Kelurahan Purwokerto Wetan, Kecamatan Purwokerto Timur dengan jumlah pedagang mencapai 3000 orang. Pengumpulan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan pengumpulan dokumen-dokumen. Penentuan informan dilakukan dengan teknik purposive sampling, yakni informan tertentu dianggap mewakili stakeholder yang berkonflik. Wawancara dan observasi digunakan sebagai data primer, sedangkan data sekunder diperoleh melalui pengumpulan dokumen. Analisis data dengan cara mengelompokkan data baik data primer maupun data sekunder, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa pembangunan Pasar Wage Purwokerto lebih merupakan bentuk aliansi antara pihak penguasa dan pengusaha sebagai peluang bisnisnya. Kebijakan yang dibuat tidak berpihak pada pedagang, terutama pedagang kecil. Persoalan yang menonjol adalah berpindahnya lokasi pasar menyebabkan omset pedagang selalu menurun sehingga menyebabkan mereka tidak mau membayar retribusi. Pada gilirannya berimplikasi pada penurunan pendapatan daerah. Resolusi yang pernah dilakukan yaitu pedagang bernegosiasi dengan pemkab, DPRD, dan investor; namun tidak diperoleh kesepahaman. Mediasi juga pernah dilakukan oleh DPRD dengan menampung keluhan pedagang, meskipun juga tidak berhasil memberikan solusi. Akhirnya arbitrasi ditempuh oleh pedagang sebagai upaya akhir, yaitu mem-PTUN-kan SK Bupati Banyumas yang berakhir dengan kekalahan dan sekarang masih dalam tahap naik banding. Alternatif resolusi yang lain, saat ini Pemkab Banyumas sedang membangun jalan dan tangga dari arah selatan Pasar Wage. Bila kelak sudah selesai pembangunannya, pasar menjadi lebih ramai sebab bias diakses dari berbagai penjuru.

The development of Pasar Wage Purwokerto has been finished on 10th of April 2002. However, the development left problems and conflict behind it. The conflict arose due to the development was not as early planning, which is renovation and area widening of the former Pasar Wage. After the renovation, all of the traders must more to the new location. This relocation resulted in conflicts up to know. The new location has been claim by traders, especially small traders, are not a strategic location. They are complaining that since doing business in the new location, their omsett always decreases resulted in no profit even debt. This study is carried out to find out the conflict factors in the relocation process of Pasar Wage and see how the conflict relocation resolution has been conducted. The study used qualitative method. The location of this research was took a place in East Purwokerto subdistrict, Banyumas regency with a numbers of the traders reached until 3000 persons. Data collections has been done by interviewing, observations and documentation collection to support it. Informant chosen by purposive sampling method, which is the man / woman who I considered be a representative traders or the conflict stakeholders. Interview and observation results were used as primary data and secondary data were documentation collection. The data were descriptive qualitative analyzed by grouping them into primary dan secondary ones. Results showed that Pasar Wage development in fact is a prove of alliance form between government with its power and buisnissman/bisniss company as its chance of their business. Regulation that government made was not traders, especially small traders. The main problem was the new location of Pasar Wage has resulted in decreasing of their omsett with then consequently they even can not pay the tax or Pasar Wage retribution. Overall effect was in decreasing local government tax collection or local government income. A resolution has been made that traders negotiated government, parliament and investor, resulted in no agreement at all among negotiators. Parliament also has been act as mediator to except traders complains to be forwarded to government, however this kind of resolution also ineffective. Finally traders choose arbitrary way as their last weapon, which was law way asking justice for the Banyumas government rule but the trial resulted in loose trial and now in the process of appeal to the higher judges. An alternative resolution that now undergoing is local Banyumas government will built a steps to level two from South direction to give more access for buyer to come to trading locations. If this access has being finish, Pasar Wage become more busy since can be seen from different direction.

Kata Kunci : konflik sosial, resolusi konflik, social conflict, conflict resolution