Analisis penerapan sistem manajemen lingkungan ISO 14001 di PT. Semen Padang dan pengaruhnya terhadap kualitas udara Ambien

SURYATI, Isra', Dr. H.A. Sudibyakto, MS

2005 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Lingkungan

Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pengaruh penerapan SML ISO 14001 di PT. Semen Padang terhadap perubahan kondisi kualitas emisi debu dan kualitas debu ambien sebelum dan sesudah penerapan SML ISO 14001 dan juga menganalisis keefektifitasan dan keefesienan penerapan elemen-elemen SML ISO 14001 di PT Semen Padang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan SML ISO 14001 di PT. Semen Padang memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap kualitas emisi debu. Sementara penerapan SML ISO 14001 di PT. Semen Padang tidak berpengaruh nyata terhadap kualitas debu ambien. Pengambilan sampel debu ambien dilakukan pada 3 (tiga) titik dengan 3 (tiga) kali pengukuran (pagi, siang dan malam hari). Rata-rata hasil pengukuran kualitas debu ambien di lapangan untuk TT1, TTG3 dan TBL3 sebesar 45,423 μg/m3 - 108,20 μg/m3. Hasil pengukuran menunjukkan bahwa kualitas debu ambien pada saat penelitian berlangsung (November 2005) berada di bawah baku mutu (PP No. 41 tahun 1999 - 230 μg/m3). Realitas di lapangan masih menunjukkan adanya indikasi terjadinya pencemaran udara seperti terlihat pada debu yang menempel pada daun tanaman dan atap rumah penduduk. Hal ini bisa terjadi karena banyak hal yang mempengaruhi kondisi pencemaran udara seperti kondisi meteorologi (arah dan kecepatan angin), karakteristik emisi dan karakteristik daerah penerima. Penerapan SML ISO 14001 di PT. Semen Padang cukup efektif dan efesien akan tetapi ada elemen yang belum efektif dan efesien adalah kebijakan lingkungan, sumber daya, peran, tanggung jawab dan kewenangan, pegendalian dokumen dan pengendalian rekaman. Meskipun perusahaan sudah memperlihatkan komitmen yang bagus terhadap penerapan SML ISO 14001, akan tetapi pelaksanaannya belum maksimal karena pemahaman dan komitmen perusahaan mungkin belum sepenuhnya total.

This research aims to analyze the influence of the implementation of EMS ISO 14001 at PT. Semen Padang to the change of dust emission quality and ambient dust quality before and after the implementation of EMS ISO 14001. This research also aims to analyze the effectiveness and the efficiency of elements of EMS ISO 14001 implementation at PT Semen Padang. Research indicates that the implementation of EMS ISO 14001 at PT. Semen Padang bring real influence to the quality of dust emission but doesn’t give influence to the quality of ambient dust. Sampling of ambient dust was conducted at 3 locations by 3 multiply measurements (morning, noon and night). Mean result of quality of ambient dust sampling for TT1, TTG3 and TBL3 was equal to 45,423 μg/m3 - 108,20 μg/m3. Result of sampling indicates that the quality of ambient dust when the research took place (November 2005) was under the national air ambient quality standard (PP No. 41/1999 - 230 μg/m3). However, it should be noted that in reality there is still indications of air pollution such as deposition dust in vegetation and roof. It was happened because there was many factor influencing dispersion of ambient dust in atmosphere, such as condition of meteorology (direction and speed of wind), emission characteristic and physical characteristic (topography). The implementation of EMS ISO 14001 at PT. Semen Padang was effective and efficient enough however there were elements which weren’t effective and efficient yet, like environmental policy, structure and responsibility, document control and record control. The implementation of EMS ISO 14001 at PT. Semen Padang indicates a good commitment of the company to the environment issue. However, the implementation of ISO 14001 at PT. Semen Padang tend to be not optimal.

Kata Kunci : Pencemaran Udara, EMS ISO 14001, air, emission, ambient, dust.