Perilaku Pencegahan Covid-19 Berdasarkan Karakteristik Responden pada Masyarakat di Kapanewon Depok Kabupaten Sleman Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

SRI RAHAYU, Uki Noviana, S.Kep., Ns., MN.Sc., Ph.D.; Heru Subekti, S.Kep., Ns., MPH.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar belakang: Covid-19 dinyatakan WHO sebagai pandemi dengan penyebaran yang sangat cepat. Kapanewon Depok merupakan daerah tertinggi kasus Covid-19 di Sleman. Perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 penting dilakukan untuk menekan angka penyebaran Covid-19. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 di masyarakat Kapanewon Depok. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 420 orang yang ditentukan melalui teknik consecutive sampling. Kuesioner perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 dikembangkan oleh peneliti mengacu pada pedoman pencegahan Covid-19 dari Kemenkes yang terdiri dari perilaku pencegahan 5M dan 3T. Responden penyintas Covid-19 atau pernah mengalami kontak erat/bergejala mengisi kuesioner 5M dan 3T sedangkan responden yang belum pernah menderita Covid-19 mengisi kuesioner 5M saja. Gambaran perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 berdasarkan karakteristik responden dianalisis menggunakan chi square dan fisher test. Hasil: Dari 420 responden sebanyak 195 responden (46,4%) menyatakan penyintas Covid-19 atau kontak erat/bergejala dan 225 responden (53,6%) menyatakan tidak pernah terkena Covid-19. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan responden berperilaku baik untuk perilaku pencegahan 5M adalah 219 orang dari 420 responden (52,1%) dan 3T adalah 98 orang dari 195 responden (50,3%). Terdapat perbedaan perilaku pencegahan 5M pada jenis kelamin (p=0,000), usia (p=0,002), status perkawinan (p=0,006), dan status kegiatan masyarakat (p=0,028). Terdapat perbedaan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 3T pada tingkat pendidikan (p=0,040) dan riwayat terpapar Covid-19 (p=0,000). Kesimpulan: Perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 yang baik pada 5M adalah 219 orang (52,1%). Sementara yang baik pada 3T adalah 98 orang (50,3%). Tenaga kesehatan dapat menggunakan strategi edukasi yang tepat untuk mempromosikan perilaku pencegahan Covid-19 sesuai dengan karakteristik masyarakat dan sosial budaya.

Background: Covid-19 was declared as a pandemic by WHO and it spread swiftly. Kapanewon Depok is the area with the highest number of Covid-19 cases in Sleman. It is essential to take precautionary measures to prevent the spread of Covid-19. Objectives: This study aims to describe prevention behavior of Covid-19 in Kapanewon Depok. Methodology: This research is a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design. The sample of this study are 420 respondents with consecutive sampling techniques. The Covid-19 preventions behaviour questionnaire refers to the Covid-19 prevention guidelines from Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia, consisting of 5M and 3T. Covid-19 survivors or had close contact/symptomatic respondents filled out 5M and 3T questionnaires whereas respondents who never had Covid-19 filled out 5M questionnaire only. The outcome was analyzed using chi square and fisher tests. Results: 195 out of 420 respondents (46,4%) stated that they were Covid-19 survivors or had close contact/symptomatic and 225 respondents (53.6%) stated that they never had Covid-19. The results showed that respondents that adhered 5M were 219 out of 420 respondents (52.1%) and 3T were 98 out of 195 respondents (50.3%). There were differences in 5M in gender (p=0.000), age (p=0.002), marital status (p=0.006), and community activities status (p=0.028) while 3T were education level (p=0.040) and history of exposure to Covid-19 (p=0.000). Conclusion: Good Covid-19 prevention behavior for 5M were 219 people (52.1%) and 3T were 98 people (50.3%). Health workers could adopt appropriate educational strategies in promoting Covid-19 prevention behavior accordingly the community and socio-cultural characteristics.

Kata Kunci : Kata kunci: Covid-19, Kapanewon Depok, Perilaku Pencegahan, 5M, 3T/ Keywords: Covid-19, Kapanewon Depok, Prevention Behavior, 5M, 3T