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Kontribusi Hutan Kemasyarakatan terhadap Pengentasan Kemiskinan di Dusun Karangasem B, Kalurahan Karangasem, Kabupaten Gunungkidul

DEWI UTARI, Ir. Dwiko Budi Permadi, S.Hut., M.Sc., Ph.D ;Masahiko Ota , Ph.D

2022 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Program HKm merupakan bentuk perhutanan sosial sebagai kebijakan pemerintah dalam pengentasan kemiskinan melalui pemberian legalitas akses masyarakat sekitar hutan terhadap lahan hutan negara. KTHKm Sedyo Lestari merupakan salah satu yang berhasil mendapatkan izin pengelolaan HKm dan telah melakukan penebangan jati di beberapa blok pada lahan HKm mereka dan memberikan pendapatan bagi anggotanya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dampak HKm terhadap pengentasan kemiskinan yang dilihat dari beberapa aspek, yaitu kontribusi pendapatan dari lahan HKm terhadap pendapatan total rumah tangga, perubahan tingkat kesejahteraan, dan perubahan ketimpangan distribusi pendapatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif melalui metode survei. Pengumpulan data penelitian melalui wawancara dan studi dokumentasi. Responden penelitian dipilih menggunakan metode purposive sampling, sehingga mendapatkan 35 anggota KTHKm dan 22 non-anggota KTHKm. Data yang telah dikumpulkan kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa HKm memberikan kontribusi terhadap pendapatan total rumah tangga petani anggota KTHKm sebesar 9,03%. Dibandingkan petani non-anggota KTHKm, pendapatan lahan HKm mampu menurunkan risiko kerentanan kemiskinan anggota KTHKm karena pendapatan lahan HKm memberikan diversifikasi mata pencaharian dan pendapatan. Dengan memasukkan pendapatan dari lahan HKm menunjukkan bahwa HKm mampu menurunkan persentase kemiskinan dari ketiga kriteria yang digunakan dan berkontribusi sebesar 10,25% dalam meningkatkan rata-rata pendapatan perkapita anggota KTHKm. Pendekatan kriteria tingkat kesejahteraan yang digunakan yaitu dari Sajogyo (1976), Bank Dunia (2007), dan BPS. Dari pengamatan Indeks Gini dan Kurva Lorenz menunjukkan HKm mampu menurunkan ketimpangan distribusi pendapatan petani anggota KTHKm menjadi lebih merata dibandingkan ketimpangan distribusi pendapatan petani non-anggota KTHKm

Community Forest is a form of social forestry as a government policy in alleviating poverty through providing legal access for local communities to state forest lands. KTHKm Sedyo Lestari is one that has successfully obtained a Community Forest management license and has been logging teak in several blocks of their Community Forest land which provides income for its members. This research aims to analyze the impact of Community Forest on poverty alleviation seen from several aspects, which is the contribution of income from Community Forest land to total income, changes in welfare levels, and changes in income distribution inequality. This research used a quantitative approach through a survey method. Data was collected through interviews and documentation studies. Respondents were selected using purposive sampling method, hence obtaining 35 members of KTHKm and 22 non-members of KTHKm. Data collected is then analyzed using descriptively analysis. The results showed that Community Forest contributed 9,03% to the total household income of KTHKm farmers. Compared to farmers who are not members of KTHKm, income from Community Forest is able to reduce the risk of poverty vulnerability of KTHKm members because income from HKm land provides diversification of livelihoods and income. By including income from Community Forest land to the total household income shows that Community Forest is able to reduce the percentage of poverty from the three criteria used and contributed 10,25% in increasing the average per capita income of KTHKm members. The poverty percentage of KTHKm members based on the three criteria tends to be lower than non-KTHKm members with the average per capita income of KTHKm members being higher than non-KTHKm members. The income level criteria approach used is from Sajogyo (1976), the World Bank (2007), and BPS. From the observations of the Gini Index and the Lorenz Curve it shows that Community Forest is able to reduce the inequality of income distribution of KTHKm farmers to become more even than the income distribution of non-members of KTHKm

Kata Kunci : kemiskinan, HKm, tingkat kesejahteraan, distribusi pendapatan;poverty, Community Forest, welfare level, income distribution

  1. S1-2022-424055-Abstract.pdf  
  2. S1-2022-424055-Bibliography.pdf  
  3. S1-2022-424055-Tableofcontent.pdf  
  4. S1-2022-424055-Title.pdf