TINGKAT RISIKO TERPAPAR COVID-19 PADA PERAWAT DI RUMAH SAKIT RUJUKAN DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

RENALDI. M, Ariani Arista Putri Pertiwi, S.Kep., Ns., MAN., DNP; Syahirul Alim, S.Kp., M.Sc., Ph.D

2022 | Tesis | MAGISTER KEPERAWATAN

Latar belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 telah memberikan tekanan yang cukup besar sehingga menyebabkan perawat rentan dan berisiko tinggi terpapar COVID-19. 60% perawat terpapar dengan pasien terkonfirmasi COVID-19 karena memberikan perawatan secara langsung dan berinteraksi lama dengan pasien COVID-19 dan 67,7% perawat yang mengalami penularan COVID-19 karena berada diruang perawatan intensif. Tujuan: Mengetahui gambaran tingkat risiko terpapar COVID-19 pada perawat di rumah sakit rujukan Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Metode: Jenis penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain survei deskriptif. Sampel pada penelitian ini seluruh perawat (n=164) yang memberikan pelayanan keperawatan pada pasien COVID-19. Instrumen penelitian menggunakan kuesioner penilaian risiko paparan dalam kondisi COVID-19 yang dikembangkan oleh WHO kemudian di adaptasi lintas budaya oleh peneliti yang telah di uji validitas dan reliabilitas. Data dianalisis secara univariat dengan menghitung frekuensi, persentase dan rasio prevalensi. Hasil: Analisis rasio prevalensi berdasarkan karakteristik responden usia >45 tahun dibandingkan dengan usia (<25 tahun: RP=1,27; 26-35 tahun: RP=1,21; 36-45 tahun: RP=1,38), jenis kelamin (RP=0,99), masa kerja (RP=0,90), unit kerja IGD COVID-19 dibandingkan dengan unit kerja (ICU COVID-19: RP=0,81; ruang perawatan COVID-19: RP=0,92), tingkat pendidikan diploma 3 dibandingkan dengan tingkat pendidikan (ners: RP=1,12; magister: RP=0,64) dan riwayat pelatihan penggunaan APD (RP=1,69).

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has put considerable pressure on nurses to be vulnerable and at high risk of being exposed to COVID-19. 60% of nurses were exposed to confirmed COVID-19 patients because they provided direct care and had prolonged interactions with COVID-19 patients, and 67.7% of nurses experienced COVID-19 transmission because they were in the intensive care room. Purpose: Knowing the description of the risk level of exposure to COVID-19 on nurses in referral hospitals of Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Method: This type of research is quantitative with a descriptive survey design. The sample in this study was all nurses (n=164) who provided nursing services to COVID-19 patients. The research instrument uses a questionnaire for assessing the risk of exposure to COVID-19 conditions developed by WHO and then adapted across cultures by researchers tested for validity and reliability. Data were analyzed univariately by calculating frequency, percentage, and prevalence ratio. Results: Prevalence ratio analysis based on the characteristics of respondents aged >45 years compared to age (<25 years: RP=1.27; 26-35 years: RP=1.21; 36-45 years: RP=1.38), gender (RP=0.99), length of service (RP=0.90), COVID-19 emergency department work unit compared to work unit (COVID-19 ICU: RP=0.81; COVID-19 treatment room: RP=0.92 ), diploma three education level compared to education level (ners: RP=1.12; masters: RP=0.64) and history of training in the use of PPE (RP=1.69).

Kata Kunci : Risiko Terpapar; Perawat; COVID-19