Implementasi Bimbingan Dan Pengasuhan Dalam Penyiapan Mental Kepemimpinan Taruna Akademi Militer Tingkat IV Masuk Satuan Organik TNI AD

JOKO PRIO SUSENO, Dr. Umi Listyaningsih. M.Si., S.Si.;Prof. Dr. Ahmad Maryudi

2022 | Tesis | MAGISTER KEPEMIMPINAN DAN INOVASI KEBIJAKAN

Proses pendidikan di Akademi Militer (Akmil) mengacu pada peraturan Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan serta Kementerian Pertahanan dan Keamanan. Taruna Akademi Militer tidak hanya dituntut memiliki kemampuan akademis saja namun juga harus memiliki ketahanan jasmani, sikap dan perilaku yang baik, serta memiliki karakter yang mencerminkan nilai-nilai kepemimpinan. Akademi Militer yang memiliki tugas mencetak calon Pemimpin Militer TNI AD dikelola dengan menggabungkan metode pembelajaran konvensional dan melakukan bimbingan dan pengasuhan (Bimsuh). Bimsuh ditujukan untuk mengantarkan Taruna memahami, mendalami, dan mengimplementasikan nilai-nilai kepemimpinan, watak keprajuritan, dan jiwa Sapta Marga dengan melihat, mengamati, dan meneladani Pengasuh sebelum masuk dalam Satuan Organik TNI AD. Penelitian ni menganalisis pengaruh Bimsuh terhadap mental kepemimpinan Taruna Tingkat IV dalam memasuki Satuan Organik TNI AD. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan informan pengasuh, pengelola, dan Taruna serta quick survey melalui google form kepada Taruna. Selain data primer, analisis juga bersumber pada data sekunder seperti roadmap Akmil, kurikulum, rencana strategis Resimen Taruna dan Bahan Ajar Guru Militer. Jumlah jam Bimsuh dalam implementasinya lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan Jam Pelajaran. Hal ini berbeda dengan kurikulum yang ada dengan jam Bimsuh sebesar 7 persen. Taruna Akmil Tingkat IV lebih mengharapkan jam Bimsuh lebih lama untuk menggali pengalaman Pengasuh saat berdinas di satuan Organik TNI AD. Mental kepemimpinan Taruna dipengaruhi oleh Bimsuh yang berorientasi pada pencapaian prestasi dengan mengembangkan pemikiran kreatif dan inovatif. Bimbingan dan pengasuhan dengan pendekatan tekanan, sanksi, dan otoriter tidak efektif jika tidak dilakukan bersamaan dengan pendekatan achievement oriented. Taruna Tingkat IV merasa telah memiliki nilai-nilai kepemimpinan yang ditanamkan selama ini. Namun demikian Taruna masih memiliki rasa kurang percaya diri, kurang berani mengambil keputusan dengan cepat, dalam menanggung resiko. Kondisi tersebut juga dialami pengasuh karena belum memiliki pengalaman. Pengetahuan, keterampilan, dan pengalaman selama di Akmil sebagai modal beradaptasi dengan cepat dalam Satuan Organik TNI AD.

The learning process in Military Academy (Akmil) refers to the regulations of the Ministry of Education and Culture and the Ministry of Defense and security. The cadets of Military Academy are not only requested for having ability in the academy, but also have physical endurance, attitude, behavior, and characters that reflect leadership values. The military Academy that has duty for creating candidates for the military leaders is managed by mixing conventional learning methods and doing parenting guidance (bimsuh). The goals of parenting guidance are to deliver the cadets of the military academy to realize, explore, and implement the values of leadership, soldiers character, and the soul of Sapta Marga by noticing, observing and imitating the educators before the cadets merge into the organic unit of Indonesian National Army (TNI). This research analyzes the impact of parenting guidance (bimsuh) on leadership mental of cadets in military grade IV which merge into the organic unit of the army soldiers. Qualitative research is used in this research which are the informant of parenting guidance, administrators, the cadets, and questionnaire using google form are involved as the primary data of this research. Besides, the secondary data are also used in this research such as the roadmap of the military academy, curriculum, strategic plan of cadet regiment, and learning materials of the military teacher. The implementation hours of parenting guidance are more than the lessons hours. It is dissimilar to the curriculum that only 7 percent of the total. Grade IV of cadet military builds upon that parenting guidance will be longer to collect the experiences of educators in organic unit of Army Soldier. The leadership mental of cadets military is influenced by the educators that orientate to the achievements and develop creative and innovative thinking. Guidance and nurturing with a pressure approach, penalty, and authoritarianism are not effective in case it does not combine to achievement-oriented. Grade IV of military cadets realize that they have already had the values of leadership. However, the military cadets are still insecure. Military cadets are also afraid to make decisions and take the risks. That condition is also had by the educators since they do not have enough experience, knowledge, and capability in military academy as the guide of quick adaptation in the organic unit of soldier military.

Kata Kunci : Taruna, Akmil, Bimsuh, Pemimpin / Cadet, Millitary Academy, Parenting Giudance, Leadership