Laporkan Masalah

PROSES PENGAMBILAN KEPUTUSAN MENJADI ANGGOTA GAPOKTAN: KASUS PETANI SALAK PONDOH DI LERENG GUNUNG MERAPI

A BANU KURNIANTO, Prof.Dr.P.M. Laksono,M.A

2022 | Tesis | MAGISTER ANTROPOLOGI

Tesis ini membicarakan proses pengambilan keputusan para petani salak untuk menjadi anggota Gabungan Kelompok Tani (GAPOKTAN) Ngudi Luhur, di Desa Kaliurang, Kecamatan Srumbung, Kabupaten Magelang, Jawa Tengah. Apa saja motif yang mereka pertimbangkan ketika bersedia atau tidak bersedia menjadi anggota GAPOKTAN? Sesungguhnya komunitas petani itu telah membentuk GAPOKTAN untuk merespon penurunan harga salak akibat pertumbuhan sentra buah salak di banyak tempat. Itu terjadi karena para petani pernah ramai menjual bibit salak unggulannya kemana-mana. Nafkah keluarga para petani Salak di Desa Kaliurang pun terganggu. Kendati GAPOKTAN Ngudi Luhur telah mempunyai banyak capaian dan sanggup mengangkat kembali harga buah salak lewat pasar ekspor, ternyata tidak semua petani Kaliurang bergabung dalam GAPOKTAN. Hasil studi ini antara lain menemukan ketidakkompakan atau friksi yang terjadi karena pasar ekspor mensyaratkan standar atau label fitosanitari pengelolaan kebun salak, mulai dari penyiapan lahan, pemilihan bibit, perawatan hingga panenan, yang sesuai dengan ketentuan negara tujuan. Keputusan untuk menjadi anggota GAPOTKAN tidak melulu karena motivasi ekonomi saja, ada banyak pertimbangan dalam rumah tangga petani yang perlu diungkapkan. Faktanya, bila petani itu mau menjadi anggota GAPOKTAN, maka dia bersama anggota rumahtangganya harus siap mengubah tradisi budidaya salaknya dengan budaya baru. Jadi seluruh anggota rumahtanggnya akan terlibat dalam proses pengambilan keputusan yang kompleks. Peneliti telah berusaha menggambarkan kompleks proses pengambilan keputusan itu dengan mengaplikasikan pendekatan antropologi yang bersifat kualitatif, deksriptif dan eksploratif. Data dikumpulkan melalui serangkaian wawancara bebas dengan para narasumber selama kurang lebih 5 bulan dari Oktober 2021 hingga Maret 2022.

This thesis discusses the decision-making process of salak farmers to become members of the Ngudi Luhur Farmers Group Association (GAPOKTAN), in Kaliurang Village, Srumbung District, Magelang Regency, Central Java. What are the motives they consider when they are willing or not willing to become a member of GAPOKTAN? In fact, the farming community has formed GAPOKTAN to respond to the decline in salak prices due to the growth of salak fruit centers in many places. It happened because the farmers were busy selling their superior salak seeds everywhere. The livelihoods of the families of the Salak farmers in Kaliurang Village were also disrupted. Although Ngudi Luhur's GAPOKTAN has achieved a lot and was able to raise the price of salak fruit through the export market, it turns out that not all Kaliurang farmers have joined GAPOKTAN. The results of this study include finding incompatibilities or frictions that occur because the export market requires phytosanitary standards or labels for the management of salak gardens, from land preparation, seed selection, maintenance to harvesting, which are in accordance with the provisions of the destination country. The decision to become a member of GAPOTKAN is not solely due to economic motivation, there are many considerations in farmer households that need to be disclosed. In fact, if the farmer wants to become a member of GAPOKTAN, then he and his household members must be ready to change their salak cultivation tradition with a new culture. So, all members of the household will be involved in a complex decision-making process. Researchers have attempted to describe the complex decision-making process by applying an anthropological approach that is qualitative, descriptive, and exploratory. Data was collected through a series of free interviews with informants for approximately 5 months from October 2021 to March 2022.

Kata Kunci : Perubahan kebudayaan, proses pengambilan keputusan, budidaya salak, GAPOKTAN

  1. S2-2022-466998-Abstrak dan Abstract.pdf  
  2. S2-2022-466998-bibliography.pdf  
  3. S2-2022-466998-tableofcontent.pdf  
  4. S2-2022-466998-title.pdf