Analisis Peran Program Pekarangan Pangan Lestari (P2L) dalam Upaya Peningkatan Ketahanan Pangan dan Gizi Masyarakat pada Masa Pandemi Covid-19 di Kabupaten Sleman

RENITA, Dr. Siti Helmyati, DCN., M.Kes; Digna Niken Purwaningrum, MPH, Ph.D

2022 | Skripsi | S1 GIZI KESEHATAN

Pemantauan terhadap tingkat ketahanan pangan keluarga menjadi hal yang krusial di masa pandemi Covid-19. Pelaksanaan program P2L di Kabupaten Sleman sebagai upaya untuk mendukung ketersediaan pangan masih rentan dalam aspek keberlanjutannya. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran program Pekarangan Pangan Lestari (P2L) dalam menjaga ketahanan pangan dan gizi masyarakat selama masa pandemi Covid-19 menggunakan model CIPP dan melihat potensi keberlanjutannya dalam upaya peningkatan ketahanan pangan di Kabupaten Sleman. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus terhadap pelaksanaan P2L pada wilayah pedesaan dan perkotaan di Kabupaten Sleman. Lokasi penelitian ditentukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam, studi dokumentasi, dan observasi dengan teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis tematik. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan pandemi Covid-19 berdampak pada pemenuhan pangan tingkat rumah tangga Kabupaten Sleman. Dalam aspek CIPP, pandemi Covid-19 tidak menghambat pelaksanaan program P2L secara signifikan. Adanya PSBB memberikan dampak positif bagi pelaksanaan program yakni meningkatnya partisipasi masyarakat untuk melakukan penanaman di pekarangan. Program P2L efektif dalam mendukung ketahanan pangan rumah tangga di masa pandemi dengan mempermudah akses terhadap pangan terutama sayuran, menghemat pengeluaran, menjadi sumber pendapatan tambahan keluarga, dan sebagai sarana coping stress masyarakat. Namun, implementasi program P2L di Kabupaten Sleman baru memenuhi kebutuhan konsumsi sayuran, sementara kebutuhan protein hewani, protein nabati, pangan pokok, dan buah belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan rumah tangga. Program P2L berdampak positif bagi masyarakat, tetapi perlu adanya inovasi integrasi tanaman-ternak-buah pada masing-masing kawasan serta melakukan penguatan kelembagaan agar program dapat lestari.

Monitoring the level of food security is crucial during the Covid-19 pandemic. The implementation of the P2L program in Sleman Regency to support food availability is still vulnerable to its sustainability aspects. Therefore, this study aims to examine the role of the Sustainable Food Garden (P2L) program in maintaining food security and community nutrition during the Covid-19 pandemic using the CIPP model and examine its potential to improve food security in Sleman Regency. A qualitative study using case study approach was conducted on the implementation of P2L in rural and urban areas in Sleman Regency. The location was determined using purposive sampling method. The data was collected through in-depth interviews, study documentation, and observations with the data analysis techniques using thematic analysis. The results of the study showed that the Covid-19 pandemic had an impact on food fulfillment at the household level in Sleman Regency. In the CIPP aspect, the Covid-19 pandemic had not significantly hampered the implementation of the P2L program. The existence of PSBB had a positive impact on program implementation, namely providing community participation to carry out planting in the yard. The P2L program was effective in supporting household food security during the pandemic by providing easy access to food, especially vegetables, saving expenses, being a source of additional family income, and as a means of dealing with community stress. However, the implementation of the P2L program in Sleman Regency has only met the needs of vegetable consumption, while the needs of animal protein, vegetable protein, staple food, and fruit have not been able to meet household needs. The P2L program has a positive impact on the community, but it is necessary to innovate the integration of plant-livestock-fruit in each area as well as to strengthen institutions so that the program can be sustainable.

Kata Kunci : Pandemi Covid-19, ketahanan pangan, CIPP, P2L, stunting