DAMPAK PANDEMI COVID-19 TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN PROGRAM POSYANDU BALITA DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN

GIFANI ROSILIA, Dr. Siti Helmyati, DCN., M. Kes; Dr. rer. nat. dr. Bernadette Josephine Istiti Kandarina

2022 | Skripsi | S1 GIZI KESEHATAN

Latar Belakang: pandemi COVID-19 telah membawa perubahan dalam berbagai aspek kehidupan termasuk pada pelaksanaan program Posyandu. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui perubahan yang terjadi dalam input, proses, dan output kegiatan pelayanan gizi pada program Posyandu balita selama pandemi COVID-19 di Kabupaten Sleman. Metode: penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Tempel 2. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam kepada pihak yang terlibat dalam pelaksanaan program Posyandu balita dan studi dokumen. Hasil: data yang terkumpul dikelompokkan menjadi 14 kategori dan menghasilkan 4 tema. Terdapat beberapa perubahan yang mempengaruhi komponen pelaksanaan pelayanan gizi di Posyandu balita. Selama pandemi COVID-19, pemerintah mengeluarkan kebijakan pembatasan kegiatan masyarakat dalam rangka pencegahan penyebaran virus yang diikuti perubahan pada input program Posyandu dengan dikeluarkannya pedoman dan SOP baru terkait pelayanan gizi selama pandemi COVID-19. Penerapan pedoman dan SOP baru tersebut menyebabkan perubahan pada proses pelaksanaan penimbangan balita dan kegiatan Posyandu lain. Selama pandemi orang tua diberi kebebasan untuk mengukur berat badan dan tinggi badan balitanya di rumah. Pelatihan dan pembinaan terkait Posyandu tetap berjalan meskipun terdapat pengurangan frekuensi. Dari segi output, angka partisipasi di kabupaten terkait menurun. Kesimpulan: pandemi COVID-19 yang terjadi sejak awal tahun 2020 menyebabkan perubahan komponen input, proses, dan output program Posyandu balita. Adanya pedoman khusus pelaksanaan Posyandu di masa pandemi menyebabkan perubahan pada proses penyelenggaraan layanan dan kegiatan terkait lain. Akibat adanya perubahan dalam proses pelaksanaan Posyandu, jumlah balita yang ditimbang menjadi kurang dari sasaran.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic leads to changes in the implementation of Posyandu. This study was conducted to determine changes in the input, process, and output of Posyandu for toddlers during the COVID-19 pandemic at Sleman Regency. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted in the area of Tempel 2 Health Center. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and document studies. Subjects were managers of the Posyandu program at the regency level, health center, community, and program target. Result: There are 14 categories and 4 themes generated from the data. Several changes affected components of the implementation of nutrition services at Posyandu. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the government implemented a policy of limiting community activities to prevent the spread of the virus followed by adjustment in the Posyandu program's guidelines and SOPs. The implementation of these new guidelines and SOPs have led to changes in the process of monitoring growth and other Posyandu activities. In terms of output, the participation rate in the related districts decreased. Conclusion: The existence of special guidelines for the implementation of Posyandu during the pandemic caused changes to the process of providing services and other related activities. As a result of changes in the Posyandu implementation process, the participation rate was less than the target, especially when Posyandu services were not provided.

Kata Kunci : Posyandu balita, pandemi COVID-19, input, proses, output