Konversi Pakan dan Kesuburan Air Budidaya Lele (Clarias sp.) dengan Dosis Probiotik yang Berbeda untuk Produksi Kangkung Air (Ipomoea aquatica Forsk)

AFIDA SABILIL HIKMA, Dr. Ir. Bambang Triyatmo, M.P.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 AKUAKULTUR

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dosis probiotik yang berbeda terhadap nisbah konversi pakan (Feed Convertion Ratio/FCR) dan kesuburan air budidaya lele (Clarias sp.) untuk produksi kangkung air (Ipomoea aquatica), serta untuk mengetahui dosis probiotik optimal yang menghasilkan FCR terendah dan produksi kangkung air tertinggi. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan September s/d Desember 2021, di Unit Kolam Percobaan Stasiun Penelitian Departemen Perikanan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada. Budidaya kangkung air dilakukan bersama dan diatas permukaan air budidaya lele dalam ember (volume air = 70 L). Lele dipelihara selama 84 hari dengan padat tebar 60 ekor/ember, tanpa menggunakan aerator dan dengan pergantian air 5% setiap hari. Pakan lele diberikan sebanyak 3% dari berat total ikan per ember. Tanaman kangkung air dibudidaya pada 10 pot plastik kecil di bagian tutup ember wadah budidaya lele dalam 2 kali periode tanam dan panen (yaitu pada hari ke 0 s/d 42 dan hari ke 42 s/d 84). Penelitian ini dirancang menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 3 kali ulangan. Perlakuan dosis probiotik pada budidaya lele meliputi 0, 2, 4, 8 ml/kg pakan. Mikrobia yang terdapat dalam probiotik tersebut meliputi Lactobacillus sp., Acetobacter sp., dan Yeast. Probiotik dicampurkan dalam pakan dan didiamkan semalam. Parameter yang diamati meliputi berat total lele, FCR, kesuburan air dan berat total kangkung air segar. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dosis probiotik yang berbeda berpengaruh signifikan terhadap FCR dan produksi (berat) kangkung air segar. Perlakuan dosis probiotik 0 s/d 4 ml/kg pakan menghasilkan FCR yang lebih rendah (FCR = 1,53 s/d 1,56) dibandingkan dengan dosis probiotik 8 ml/kg pakan (FCR = 1,75). Selama budidaya lele, nilai kesuburan air semua perlakuan (konsentrasi ion amonium dan fosfat) termasuk subur (eutrofik) hingga sangat subur (hipereutrofik). Budidaya lele dengan dosis probiotik 0-4 ml/kg pakan mempengaruhi produksi (berat) kangkung air yang lebih tinggi (729,33-911,43 g/perlakuan) dibandingkan dengan dosis probiotik 8 ml/kg pakan (633,50 g/perlakuan).

This study aims to determine the effect of different probiotic doses on feed conversion ratio (FCR) of catfish (Clarias sp.) and nutrient-rich aquaculture water for the production of water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica), as well as to determine the optimal probiotic dose that produces the lowest FCR and the highest water spinach production. This research was carried out from September to December 2021, at the Experimental Pond Unit of the Research Station of the Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University. Cultivation of water spinach is carried out together and above the surface of the catfish cultivation water in a bucket (water volume = 70 L). Catfish are kept for 84 days with a stocking density of 60 heads/bucket, without use an aerator and with a daily change of 5% water. Feed catfish is given as much as 3% of the total weight of the fish per bucket. Water spinach are cultured on 10 small plastic pots on the lid of the bucket of the catfish cultivation container in 2 planting and harvesting periods (namely on days 0 to 42 and days 42 to 84). This study was designed using a Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 3 repeats. The dose treatment of probiotics in catfish cultivation includes 0, 2, 4, 8 ml/kg of feed. Microbes contained in these probiotics include Lactobacillus sp., Acetobacter sp., and Yeast. Probiotics are mixed in the feed and left overnight. The observed parameters include the total weight of the catfish, FCR, nutrient-rich water and the total weight of fresh water spinach. The results showed that different doses of probiotics had a significant effect on the FCR and the production (weight) of fresh water spinach. Probiotic dose treatment of 0 to 4 ml/kg of feed resulted in a lower FCR (FCR = 1.53 to 1.56) compared to a probiotic dose of 8 ml/kg of feed (FCR = 1.75). During catfish cultivation, the nutrient-rich water value of all treatments (concentration of ammonium and phosphate ions) includes eutrophic to hypereutrophic. Catfish cultivation with a probiotic dose of 0-4 ml/kg of feed affects the production (weight) of water spinach (729.33-911.43 g/treatment) which is higher than the probiotic dose of 8 ml/kg of feed (633.50 g/treatment).

Kata Kunci : kesuburan air, konversi pakan, produksi lele, produksi kangkung, probiotik