THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCREENING TECHNIQUE OF BACTERIAL WILT RESISTANCE (Ralstonia solanacearum) IN EGGPLANT (Solanum melongena)

IRFAN ISLAMI, Dr. Ir. Taryono, M. Sc.; Dr. Ir. Aziz Purwantoro, M.Sc.

2022 | Tesis | MAGISTER PEMULIAAN TANAMAN

Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is one of the vegetables that has high economic value. Eggplant is widely cultivated throughout the world in both tropical and sub-tropical countries. One of the diseases that attack eggplant is bacterial wilt caused by the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum. Bacterial wilt is one of the most dangerous diseases for eggplant. The most effective and efficient way to overcome bacterial wilt is to use resistant cultivars. Bacterial wilt resistance is highly affected by environmental factors, especially temperature factors. At high temperatures, often resistant cultivars become susceptible. Therefore, eggplant cultivars with good resistance to bacterial wilt are needed in standard and high-temperature conditions. In this study, forty S2 eggplant genotypes of five different accessions were assessed for their resistance to bacterial wilt at conditions of 25°C and 30°C. Two genotypes originating from accession VI041984, namely 67-p4-p1 and 67-p5-p2 and genotype 164-p6-P3 from VI041945 accession have good resistance to bacterial wilt under conditions of 25°C and 30°C. From the latent infection test results, it was found that Ralstonia solanacearum was able to infect and reproduce well but was unable to cause symptoms of the disease.

Eggplant (Solanum melongena) is one of the vegetables that has high economic value. Eggplant is widely cultivated throughout the world in both tropical and sub-tropical countries. One of the diseases that attack eggplant is bacterial wilt caused by the bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum. Bacterial wilt is one of the most dangerous diseases for eggplant. The most effective and efficient way to overcome bacterial wilt is to use resistant cultivars. Bacterial wilt resistance is highly affected by environmental factors, especially temperature factors. At high temperatures, often resistant cultivars become susceptible. Therefore, eggplant cultivars with good resistance to bacterial wilt are needed in standard and high-temperature conditions. In this study, forty S2 eggplant genotypes of five different accessions were assessed for their resistance to bacterial wilt at conditions of 25°C and 30°C. Two genotypes originating from accession VI041984, namely 67-p4-p1 and 67-p5-p2 and genotype 164-p6-P3 from VI041945 accession have good resistance to bacterial wilt under conditions of 25°C and 30°C. From the latent infection test results, it was found that Ralstonia solanacearum was able to infect and reproduce well but was unable to cause symptoms of the disease.

Kata Kunci : Bacterial wilt, Eggplant, High temperature, Host resistance, Ralstonia solanacearum