Komposisi Spesies Lumut untuk Industri Aquascape pada Lima Provinsi di Pulau Jawa

ALIYANDA MARTHA T P, Drs. Heri Sujadmiko, M. Si.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 BIOLOGI

Aquascape merupakan seni menata tanaman air, batu, dan kayu di dalam akuarium secara estetis. Salah satu tanaman yang sering digunakan dalam aquascape adalah lumut. Di Pulau Jawa terdapat banyak nama dagang (nama biasa) yang umum digunakan oleh para scaper (pencinta aquascape) khususnya para penjual lumut aquascape. Sampai saat ini penelitian nama spesies dan klasifikasi lumut aquascape di Pulau Jawa belum ada publikasinya, sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nama spesies dan klasifikasi lumut aquascape di Pulau Jawa. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai informasi tentang spesies lumut yang sebenarnya untuk setiap jenis lumut aquascape di Pulau Jawa dan menjadi data acuan agar selanjutnya tidak ada kesalahan dalam mengenali nama lumut. Koleksi sampel lumut dilakukan dengan metode eksplorasi pada toko penjual lumut aquascape di lima provinsi yang ada di Pulau Jawa yaitu di Jawa Timur, Jawa Tengah, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, DKI Jakarta, dan Jawa Barat. Sampel diidentifikasi di Laboratorium Sistematika Tumbuhan Fakultas Biologi UGM dan analisa data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil koleksi sampel lumut dari lima provinsi diperoleh total 31 sampel yaitu Jawa Timur terdiri atas Christmass moss, Fissidens moss, Flame moss, Java moss, Spiky moss, dan Weeping moss; Jawa Tengah terdiri atas Fissidens moss, Fissidens media wabi kusa, Christmass moss, dan Weeping moss; Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta terdiri atas Fissidens moss, Fissidens nobilis moss, Sphagnum moss, Erect moss, dan Pelia moss; DKI Jakarta terdiri atas Crystal moss, Fissidens moss, Christmass moss, Sphagnum moss, Spiky moss dan Weeping moss; Jawa Barat terdiri Christmass moss, Fissidens moss, Flame moss, Peacock moss, Riccia Pelia moss, Taiwan moss, dan Weeping moss. Hasil identifikasi dari 31 sampel lumut aquascape tersebut diperoleh 12 jenis lumut yaitu : Fissidens crasinnervis Lac. var. laxus (Sull. & Lesq.) A. Eddy., Fissidens zippelianus Dozy & Molk., Fissidens sylvaticus Griff. Fissidens nobilis Griff., Barbula javanica Dozy & Molk., Vesicularia reticulata (Dozy & Molk.) Broth., Vesicularia montagnei (Bel.) Fleisch., Vesicularia dubyana (C. Muell.) Broth., Taxiphyllum alternans (Card.) Iwats., Octoblepharum albidum Hedw., Riccardia chamedryfolia (With.) Grolle., dan Trocholejeunea sandvicensis Schiff. Dari 12 jenis lumut tersebut, dapat dikelompokkan ke dalam dua kelas yaitu Kelas Bryopsida dan Hepaticopsida.

Aquascape is an art of aesthetically arranging aquatic plants, rocks, and wood in an aquarium. One of the plants which are often used in aquascapes is moss. Furthermore, on the island of Java, there are many trade names (common names) which are commonly used by scapers (aquascape lovers); especially, aquascape moss sellers. To date, research on the scientific name of aquascape moss in Java has not yet been published. Therefore, this study aims to determine the scientific name and classification of aquascape moss in Java. Results of this study are expected to be used as information regards to the appropriate scientific name for each type of aquascape moss in Java; besides, as reference data so that there will be no mistakes in naming mosses. The collection of moss samples was conducted by using the exploration method at shops which sold aquascape moss in five provinces on the island of Java, that were East Java, Central Java, Special Region of Yogyakarta, DKI Jakarta, and West Java. Meanwhile, the sample was identified at the Laboratory of Plant Systematics, Faculty of Biology, UGM and analyzed with descriptive metode. The results of the collection of moss samples from five provinces are obtained a total of 31 samples, namely East Java consists of Christmas moss, Fissidens moss, Flame moss, Java moss, Spiky moss, and Weeping moss; Central Java consists of Fissidens moss, Fissidens media wabi kusa, Christmas moss, and Weeping moss; Special Region of Yogyakarta consists of Fissidens moss, Fissidens nobilis moss, Sphagnum moss, Erect moss, and Pelia moss; DKI Jakarta consists of Crystal moss, Fissidens moss, Christmas moss, Sphagnum moss, Spiky moss, Riccia moss and Weeping moss; West Java consists of Christmas moss, Fissidens moss, Flame moss, Peacock moss, Riccia Pelia moss, Taiwan moss, and Weeping moss. Meanwhile, the results of the identification of the 31 samples of aquascape moss are obtained 12 types of moss, that are: Fissidens crasinnervis Lac. var. laxus (Sull. & Lesq.) A. Eddy., Fissidens zippelianus Dozy & Molk., Fissidens sylvaticus Griff., Fissidens nobilis Griff., Barbula javanica Dozy & Molk., Vesicularia reticulata (Dozy & Molk.) Broth., Vesicularia montagnei (Bel.) Fleisch., Vesicularia dubyana (C. Muell.) Broth., Taxiphyllum alternans (Card.) Iwats., Octoblepharum albidum Hedw., Riccardia chamedryfolia (With.) Grolle., and Trocholejeunea sandvicensis Schiff. Those 12 types of mosses can be grouped into two Classes that are Class Bryopsida and Hepaticopsida.

Kata Kunci : Aquascape, Komposisi, Lumut, Pulau Jawa