Economic Crisis in the Midst of the Covid-19 Pandemic: Negative for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Yogyakarta

MARIA NATASYA S, Dr. Agus Heruanto Hadna, S.I.P., M.Si.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 MANAJEMEN DAN KEBIJAKAN PUBLIK

Pandemi Covid-19 saat ini telah memberikan dampak negatif di berbagai sektor. Akibatnya, pemerintah memberlakukan kebijakan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar dengan tujuan memutus mata rantai penularan Covid-19. Namun, kebijakan tersebut dinilai dapat menghambat jalur perekonomian sehingga menimbulkan krisis ekonomi. Salah satu sektor ekonomi yang terdampak pandemi Covid-19 adalah Usaha Mikro, Kecil, dan Menengah di Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis dampak pandemi Covid-19 terhadap UMKM di Yogyakarta. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara mendalam. Informan dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 16 orang. Informan terdiri dari 1 orang Koperasi dan UKM Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta dan 15 orang UKM di Yogyakarta. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa pandemi Covid-19 telah memberikan beberapa dampak negatif bagi pemilik UMKM, terutama dari segi pendapatan. Bagi pemerintah daerah telah melakukan upaya pemberdayaan UMKM di Yogyakarta melalui inovasi program SIBAKUL. Inovasi ini memiliki 3 tahapan yaitu, Melakukan Pembinaan UKM Yogyakarta, Strategi Promosi dan Pemasaran, dan SIBAKUL Gratis Ongkos Kirim. Namun inovasi kebijakan tersebut masih dikategorikan belum efektif karena sebagian besar pelaku UMKM belum mengetahui inovasi program tersebut.

The current Covid-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on various sectors. As a result, the government imposed a Large-Scale Social Restriction policy with the aim of breaking the chain of transmission of Covid-19. However, this policy is considered to be able to hamper the economic path, causing an economic crisis. One of the economic sectors affected by the Covid-19 pandemic are Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in Yogyakarta. This study aims to determine and analyze the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on MSMEs in Yogyakarta. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews. There were 16 informants in this study. The informants included 1 person from the Yogyakarta Special Region of Cooperatives and SMEs and 15 SMEs in Yogyakarta. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the Covid-19 pandemic has had several negative impacts on MSME owners, especially in terms of income. For the local government, they have made efforts to empower MSMEs in Yogyakarta through the innovation of the SIBAKUL program. This innovation has 3 stages, namely, Conducting Guidance for Yogyakarta SMES, Promotion and Marketing Strategy, and SIBAKUL Free Shipping. However, these policy innovations are still categorized as ineffective because the majority of MSME actors are not aware of the program's innovations.

Kata Kunci : MSMEs, Covid-19, Impact, Government Efforts, SIBAKUL