Studi Reaksi Dehidrasi Patchouli Alkohol dengan Katalis Homogen dan Heterogen

DIAN HAFIIZH R, Drs. Priatmoko, M.S.;Dr. Muhammad Idham Darussalam Mardjan, S.Si., M.Sc.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 KIMIA

Penelitian tentang reaksi dehidrasi kristal patchouli alkohol dengan katalis homogen dan heterogen telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh katalis homogen (H2SO4 dan H3PO4) serta heterogen (zeolit teraktivasi asam) dalam reaksi dehidrasi patchouli alkohol. Reaksi dehidrasi dilakukan melalui pemanasan patchouli alkohol dengan katalis H2SO4 98%, H3PO4 85%, atau zeolit teraktivasi asam dalam pelarut etanol selama 3 jam. Produk dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan alat Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometer dan Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). Reaksi dehidrasi patchouli alkohol dengan katalis homogen H2SO4 dan H3PO4 menghasilkan beta-patchoulena dengan persentase hasil berturut-turut sebesar 89 dan 61%. Sementara itu, reaksi dehidrasi patchouli alkohol dengan katalis heterogen zeolit teraktivasi asam menghasilkan beta-patchoulena dengan persentase hasil sebesar 43%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa katalis H2SO4 98% lebih efektif dibandingkan H3PO4 85% dan zeolit teraktivasi asam dalam sintesis beta-patchoulena melalui reaksi dehidrasi patchouli alkohol.

Research on the dehydration reaction of patchouli alcohol with homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts has been conducted. The study was aimed to study the influence of homogeneous catalysts (H2SO4 and H3PO4) as well as heterogeneous (acid-activated zeolite) on the dehydration reaction of patchouli alcohol. The dehydration was done by heating patchouli alcohol in the presence catalyst of H2SO4 98%, H3PO4 85%, or acid-activated zeolite in ethanol for 3 h. The products were characterized using the Fourier Transform-Infrared (FT-IR) Spectrometer and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometer (GC-MS). The dehydration reaction of patchouli alcohol with homogeneous catalysts H2SO4 and H3PO4 produced beta-patchoulena in 89 and 61% yield, respectively. Meanwhile, the dehydration of patchouli alcohol with heterogeneous catalysts acid-activated zeolite produced beta-patchoulena in 43% yield. The results showed that H2SO4 98% catalyst were more effective than H3PO4 85% and acid-activated zeolite for the synthesis of beta-patchoulena through dehydration of patchouli alcohol.

Kata Kunci : beta-patchoulena, dehidrasi, katalis heterogen, katalis homogen, patchouli alkohol