Isolasi dan Identifikasi Jamur dari Kompos dan Berdaya Antagonistik terhadap Patogen Tular Tanah Fusarium oxysporum dan Rhizoctonia solani

HERPURNO NDARU CAHYANI, Dr. Ir. Ngadiman, M.Si.; Ir. Jaka Widada, M.P., P.hD.

2022 | Skripsi | S1 MIKROBIOLOGI PERTANIAN

Kompos mengandung ragam jenis dan jumlah mikroorganisme termasuk jamur. Sebagian jamur memiliki daya antagonistik terhadap patogen tanaman.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisolasi dan mengidentifikasi jamur dari kompos yang memiliki kemampuan antagonistik terhadap patogen tular tanah Fusarium oxysporum dan Rhizoctonia solani. Isolasi jamur dari kompos media jamur kancing dilakukan dengan metode pour plating. Seleksi isolat dilakukan dengan uji antagonistik menggunakan metode dual culture assay. Isolat terpilih diidentifikasi secara molekuler berdasarkan sekuen ITS-rDNA. Hasil penelitian didapatkan 6 isolat yang berdaya antagonistik prospektif yaitu isolat 1, 4, 14, 16, 20, dan 24. Berdasarkan sekuen ITS rDNA isolat 1, 4, 14, 16, 20, dan 24 berturut-turut adalah Aspergilus neoellipticus, Neocosmospora merkxiana, Fusarium obliquiseptatum, Fusarium lichenicola, Scedosporium apiospermum dan Neocosmospora sp.

Compost contains various type and number of microorganisms including fungi. Some fungi are antagonistic to plant pathogens. This study aims to isolate and identify fungi from compost which has antagonistic ability against soil-borne pathogens, Fusarium oxysporium and Rhizoctonia solani. Isolation of fungi from Agaricus bisporus compost was carried out by Pour Plating method. The isolates were selected by antagonistic test using the dual culture assay. Selected isolates were identified molecularly based on ITS-rDNA sequence. The results showed that 6 isolates of 1, 4, 14, 16, 20, and 24 have prospective antagonistic activity against tested pathogen. Based on the ITS rDNA sequence, isolate of 1, 4, 14, 16, 20, and 24 was identified as Aspergilus neoellipticus, Neocosmospora merkxiana, Fusarium obliquiseptatum, Fusarium lichenicola, Scedosporium apiospermum and Neocosmosporas sp, respectively.

Kata Kunci : Kompos, Isolasi, Identifikasi, Jamur, Daya antagonistik