The Fidelity in Implementing Dengue Vector Control on Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk (PSN) Program during Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) Pandemic in Bantul District

HILMA KHOLIDA A, Prof. dr. Adi Utarini, M.Sc, MPH, Ph.D; dr. Riris Andono Ahmad, MPH, Ph.D

2021 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Background: Considered a Dengue endemic area, Bantul District of Yogyakarta Province is also struggling to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic. The implementation of Dengue vector control through the national program of PSN is desired to effectively prevent Dengue outbreak during the pandemic. Therefore, the compliance and the change of the community and programmer on performing PSN in pandemic are highly required. Aim: To describe how the pandemic of COVID-19 situation changes the fidelity of PSN implementation. Method: By using a qualitative design method with a case study approach, this study was conducted in Sewon Sub-district in which an area of Bantul District included as top 3 high Dengue and COVID-19 cases at the same time. Purposive sampling method was used for selecting the respondents that consisted of the community, the health cadres of Jumantik, the Dengue control programmers of the public primary health care of Sewon and Bantul Health Office. The data collection was obtained from the interviews of IDIs and FGDs, and the documents. Result: Although some barriers were still found, the implementation of PSN mostly had been routinely conducted before the pandemic, however, the free larvae index on ABJ did not reach the target of 95%. Panicking, restriction, shifting the priority and focus due to COVID-19 pandemic, then made the PSN, mainly for the larvae monitoring, insufficiently implemented. It also influenced the ABJ result that probably became less representative because of incompleteness data reported to Bantul Health Office. Until the end of 2020, the percentage of ABJ appeared not significantly different from 84.63% in 2019 to 85%. During the pandemic, routine communal work to clean the environment was not performed, yet the community admitted practising PSN more at the household level due to spending the majority of activity at home. Conclusion: Several changes in PSN activities were significantly identified since the pandemic declared. However, the community awareness in applying clean and healthy life behaviour seemed to improve. Thus, strengthening the self-monitoring at home is highly required to discipline PSN practice in the community during the pandemic.

Background: Considered a Dengue endemic area, Bantul District of Yogyakarta Province is also struggling to overcome the COVID-19 pandemic. The implementation of Dengue vector control through the national program of PSN is desired to effectively prevent Dengue outbreak during the pandemic. Therefore, the compliance and the change of the community and programmer on performing PSN in pandemic are highly required. Aim: To describe how the pandemic of COVID-19 situation changes the fidelity of PSN implementation. Method: By using a qualitative design method with a case study approach, this study was conducted in Sewon Sub-district in which an area of Bantul District included as top 3 high Dengue and COVID-19 cases at the same time. Purposive sampling method was used for selecting the respondents that consisted of the community, the health cadres of Jumantik, the Dengue control programmers of the public primary health care of Sewon and Bantul Health Office. The data collection was obtained from the interviews of IDIs and FGDs, and the documents. Result: Although some barriers were still found, the implementation of PSN mostly had been routinely conducted before the pandemic, however, the free larvae index on ABJ did not reach the target of 95%. Panicking, restriction, shifting the priority and focus due to COVID-19 pandemic, then made the PSN, mainly for the larvae monitoring, insufficiently implemented. It also influenced the ABJ result that probably became less representative because of incompleteness data reported to Bantul Health Office. Until the end of 2020, the percentage of ABJ appeared not significantly different from 84.63% in 2019 to 85%. During the pandemic, routine communal work to clean the environment was not performed, yet the community admitted practising PSN more at the household level due to spending the majority of activity at home. Conclusion: Several changes in PSN activities were significantly identified since the pandemic declared. However, the community awareness in applying clean and healthy life behaviour seemed to improve. Thus, strengthening the self-monitoring at home is highly required to discipline PSN practice in the community during the pandemic.

Kata Kunci : Dengue, Fidelity, Dengue Vector Control, Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk, PSN, COVID-19 pandemic