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PENERAPAN SISTEM KANBAN DI INSTALASI FARMASI RAWAT JALAN RS PANTI RINI

MONICA ABIGAIL W. A, Prof. DR. Dra. Erna Kristin Apt., M.Si; DR. Firman SE., MPH

2021 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Latar belakang: Rumah Sakit Panti Rini berusaha mengupayakan perbaikan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan, salah satunya di Instalasi Farmasi. Terdapat beberapa permasalahan di Instalasi Farmasi pada proses distribusi obat ke unit. Menurut hasil pengamatan, waste dominan yang ditemukan di Instalasi Farmasi RS Panti Rini adalah motion dan inventory. Tujuan: Mengimplementasikan sistem Kanban untuk mengurangi waste of motion dan inventory di Instalasi Farmasi Rawat Jalan RS Panti Rini. Secara khusus akan mengidentifikasi faktor yang mempengaruhi proses distribusi obat, waste of motion dan inventory dan penyebabnya pada alur distribusi obat, mengidentifikasi sistem Kanban yang tepat, menerapkan sistem Kanban, mengukur waktu proses alur distribusi obat sebelum dan sesudah penerapan sistem Kanban, dan mengetahui persepsi staf. Metode: Jenis penelitian action research, yang terdiri dari dari: 1) Tahap diagnosis, bersama dengan partisipan dalam mengidentifikasi dan mengelompokan waste melalui FGD, 2) Tahap perencanaan, melibatkan partisipan dalam menentukan ide perbaikan dan menetapkan intervensi melalui FGD, 3) Tahap action, bersama partisipan mengimplementasikan intervensi solusi yang telah ditetapkan bersama, 4) Tahap evaluasi, membandingkan rata-rata waktu lead time, cycle time, VAR, persepsi staf, serta perubahan waste. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Setelah dilakukan intervensi sistem Kanban kartu tunggal, didapatkan adanya reduksi waste of motion sebesar 79,42% dan waste of inventory sebesar 46,88%. Penurunan lead time di IGD dari 3 jam 35 menit 8 detik menjadi 1 jam 21 menit 7 detik dan lead time di Poli dari 4 jam 3 menit 57 detik menjadi 2 jam 57 menit 24 detik. Terdapat kenaikan nilai VAR di unit IGD sebesar 34,18% dan Poli Rawat Jalan sebesar 9,47%. Hasil uji Independent T-Test menunjukkan bahwa p=0,00 (p<0,05) sehingga hasilnya signifikan. Selain itu, persepsi staf dinilai sangat baik. Kesimpulan: Penerapan sistem Kanban dapat menurunkan waste of motion dan waste of inventory, menurunkan waktu proses distribusi obat, dan meningkatkan persepsi staf terhadap penerapan sistem Kanban.

Background: Panti Rini Hospital always tries to make improvements to improve service quality, one of which is in the pharmacy installation. There were several problems at the pharmacy installation during the drug distribution process to the unit. According to observations, the dominant waste found in the pharmacy installation at Panti Rini Hospital are motion and inventory. Objective: Implementing the Kanban system to reduce waste motion and inventory at the Outpatient Pharmacy of Panti Rini Hospital. Specifically, it will identify factors affecting the drug distribution process, waste of motion and inventory and its causes in the drug distribution flow, identify the right Kanban system, implement the Kanban system and measure the drug distribution flow process time before and after the implementation of the Kanban system, and staff perception. Method: Action research, which consists of: 1) The diagnosis stage, together with the participants in identifying and classifying waste, 2) The planning stage, involving participants in determining improvement ideas and determining interventions, 3) The action stage, together with the participants implementing the solution which have been determined together, 4) The evaluation stage, comparing the average lead time, cycle time, VAR, staff perception, and waste. Results and Discussion: After the intervention of the single card Kanban system, it was found that there was a reduction in waste of motion by 79.42% and waste of inventory by 46.88%. Decreased lead time in the ER from 3 hours 35 minutes 8 seconds to 1 hour 21 minutes 7 seconds and lead time in outpatient clinic from 4 hours 3 minutes 57 seconds to 2 hours 57 minutes 24 seconds. There was an increase in the value of VAR in the ER unit by 34.18% and outpatient clinic by 9.47%. The results of the Independent T-Test show that p = 0.00 (p <0.05) so the results are significant. In addition, there was a very good staff�s perception. Conclusion: The implementation of the Kanban system can reduce motion and inventory, reduce the lead time of the drug distribution process, and increase the staff's perception of the implementation of the Kanban system.

Kata Kunci : kanban, lean management, farmasi, distribusi obat

  1. S2-2021-448504-abstract.pdf  
  2. S2-2021-448504-bibliography.pdf  
  3. S2-2021-448504-tableofcontent.pdf  
  4. S2-2021-448504-title.pdf