�Perilaku Makan Kukang Jawa (Nycticebus javanicus Goeffroy, 1812) Selama Masa Gestasi dan Laktasi di Area Talun Desa Cipaganti, Garut, Jawa Barat

LAILA KHAIRINA, Susilohadi, S.Si., M.Si., Ph.D.

2021 | Skripsi | S1 BIOLOGI

Kesuksesan reproduksi mamalia betina bergantung pada pemenuhan nutrisi yang tinggi yang dibutuhkan selama gestasi dan laktasi. Beban reproduksi selama masa gestasi dan menyusui menyebabkan betina harus mengubah strategi dalam mencari makan untuk memastikan terpenuhinya asupan energi dan protein. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada September 2019 hingga Desember 2020 di kawasan talun Desa Cipaganti, Garut, Jawa Barat. Sampel penelitian adalah empat kukang jawa betina dewasa.Empat kukang betina dewasa tersebut diobservasi perilakunya selama masa gestasi, laktasi, dan setelah laktasi. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengamatan perilaku adalah kombinasi dari focal-animal sampling dan instantaneous point sampling dengan interval waktu lima menit. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif. Pengambilan data pakan diambil dengan metode all-occurrence sampling. Data jenis pakan dan spesies pohon pakan dicatat. Perilaku makan paling banyak terjadi di masa laktasi. Kukang jawa menghabiskan waktu untuk perilaku stasioner terbanyak di masa gestasi. Di masa setelah laktasi terjadi peningkatan perilaku travelling hingga lima kali lipat dibanding masa gestasi. Proporsi konsumsi getah mendominasi di tiga masa. Kukang jawa di masa gestasi memakan pakan dengan jenis paling beragam (9 dari 12 jenis pakan). Proporsi konsumsi serangga cenderung konsisten. Konsumsi nektar meningkat di masa laktasi (35,82%) dan konsumsi bunga terhitung tinggi di masa gestasi (27,92%).

The reproductive success of female mammals depends on meeting the high levels of nutrients required during gestation and lactation. The reproductive burden during gestation and lactation causes the female to change her foraging strategy to ensure adequate energy and protein intake. This research was conducted from September 2019 to December 2020 in the agroforestry area of Cipaganti Village, Garut, West Java. The research sample was four adult female slow lorises. The four adult female slow lorises were observed for their behavior during gestation, lactation, and after lactation. The method used in behavioral observation is a combination of focal-animal sampling and instantaneous point sampling with five minute intervals. The method used is descriptive method. Feeding data was taken by all-occurrence sampling method. Data on diet items and tree species were recorded. Most eating behavior occurs during lactation. Female javan lorises spend most of their time on stationary behavior during gestation. In the period after lactation there is an increase in traveling behavior to almost five times compared to the gestation period. The proportion of gum consumption dominates in the three periods. Javan slow lorises in gestation eat the most diverse types of food (9 out of 12 types of feed). The proportion of insect consumption tends to be consistent. Consumption of nectar increased during lactation (35.82%) and consumption of flowers was high during gestation (27.92%).

Kata Kunci : primata, konservasi, beban reproduksi betina