GAMBARAN KESIAPSIAGAAN PERAWAT PUSKESMAS DALAM MENGHADAPI BENCANA DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN DIY

PUTRI AURELLIA B, Uki Noviana, S.Kep., Ns., M.NSc., Ph.D.;Dwi Harjanto, S.Kp., M.Sc.

2021 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU KEPERAWATAN

Latar Belakang: Bencana merupakan peristiwa yang mengganggu fungsi komunitas. Gangguan tersebut melebihi kemampuan komunitas dalam mengatasi dampak yang ditimbulkan. Kabupaten Sleman DIY merupakan salah satu daerah rawan bencana akibat gunung berapi dan gempa bumi. Perawat puskesmas memiliki peran vital dalam menginisiasi pencegahan dan kesiapsiagaan bencana di masyarakat. Sehingga kesiapsiagaan bencana merupakan hal penting bagi perawat puskesmas untuk mempersiapkan dan mengurangi dampak bencana. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui gambaran kesiapsiagaan perawat puskesmas dalam menghadapi bencana di Kabupaten Sleman DIY. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan cross sectional. Responden dalam penelitian ini 108 perawat puskesmas di Kabupaten Sleman DIY. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah kuesioner Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool Indonesian Version (DPET-I) yang diberikan secara online dengan metode self-report. Analisa data menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan chi square. Hasil: Mayoritas perawat puskesmas di Kabupaten Sleman DIY memiliki persepsi kesiapsiagaan bencana kuat (61,1%). Sebagian besar responden memiliki tingkat persepsi kesiapsiagaan kuat pada domain knowledge (68,5%) dan skills (76,9%), sedangkan pada domain Post Disaster Management (PDM) sedang (45,4%). Terdapat perbedaan tingkat persepsi kesiapsiagaan yang signifikan pada variabel perawat yang pernah berpartisipasi dalam pelatihan bencana (p=0,031) dan perawat yang pernah terlibat langsung dalam penanganan bencana (p=0,004). Sedangkan, tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada variabel usia (p=0,792), pendidikan terakhir (p=1) dan lama menjadi perawat (p=0,567). Kesimpulan: Mayoritas perawat puskesmas di Kabupaten Sleman DIY memiliki persepsi kesiapsiagaan bencana yang kuat. Terdapat perbedaan persepsi kesiapsiagaan bencana pada perawat yang pernah berpartisipasi dalam pelatihan bencana dan pernah terlibat langsung dalam penanganan bencana.

Background: Disaster is an event that disrupts the function of community. The disturbance exceeds the ability of the community to tackle the impact that was inflicted. Sleman regency DIY is one of the vulnerable areas of disasters due to volcano and earthquakes. Community health nurses have a vital role in initiating disaster prevention and preparedness in community. So, disaster preparedness is important for primary health nurses to prepare for and reduce the impact of disasters. Objective: To describe the readiness of primary health nurses in dealing with disasters in Sleman Yogyakarta. Methods: This study is a quantitative study with a cross sectional research design. Respondents in this research was 108 primary health nurses in Sleman DIY. This research used Disaster Preparedness Evaluation Tool Indonesian Version (DPET-I) questionnaire that distributed online through self-report method. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi square. Results: The majority of primary health nurses in Sleman DIY have a strong perceived disaster preparedness (61.1%). The majority of respondents have a strong level of perceived disaster preparedness on the domain of knowledge (68.5%) and skills (76.9%), while the domain of post disaster management (PDM) majority is moderate (45.4%). There is a significant difference perceived disaster preparedness among nurses who have participated in disaster training (p = 0.031) and nurses who have been directly involved in real disaster management (p = 0.004). Meanwhile, there was no significant difference in the variables of age (p = 0.792), latest education (p = 1) and length of work (p = 0.567). Conclusion: The majority of primary health nurses in Sleman DIY have a strong perceived disaster preparedness. There is a significant difference perceived disaster preparedness among nurses who have participated in disaster training and nurses who have been directly involved in disaster management.

Kata Kunci : DPET-I, kesiapsiagaan bencana, perawat puskesmas