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Deteksi Gen Virulen Inv A dan Pola Resistensi Antibiotika Salmonella Hasil Isolasi dari Sekum Ayam Pedaging di Rumah Potong Unggas di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY)

SANTI LESTARI, Prof. Dr. Drh. Agnesia Endang Tri Hastuti Wahyuni, M.Si; Drh. Heru Susetya, M.P, Ph.D

2021 | Tesis | MAGISTER SAINS VETERINER

Salmonella merupakan bakteri yang dapat mengontaminasi daging ayam potong dan menyebabkan salmonellosis pada manusia. Salmonellosis pada manusia dapat ditularkan melalui makanan asal hewan yang terkontaminasi oleh Salmonella. Kehadiran strain Salmonella resisten terhadap antibiotika pada produk hewan memiliki peran yang penting bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Penggunaan antibiotik yang tidak rasional dan tidak terkendali merupakan sebab utama penyebaran resistensi antibiotik secara global, sehinga terjadi bakteri yang multiresisten terhadap sekelompok antibiotik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengisolasi, mengidentifikasi, serta mendeteksi gen virulen Inv A, mengetahui pola resistensi terhadap berbagai antibiotik maupun gen resistensi Salmonella pada sekum ayam pedaging. Sebanyak 135 sekum ayam dari RPU Provinsi DIY digunakan untuk penelitian ini. Isolasi dan identifikasi Salmonella dengan metode OIE (2018) dan SNI 2897: 2008. Pengujian resistensi antibiotika dengan metode dilusi agar cair secara otomatis menggunakan sensi titre. Deteksi gen resisten dan gen virulen Inv A dilakukan dengan metode real time PCR multiplex . Hasil isolasi dan identifikasi sebanyak 15 isolat (11,1%) adalah Salmonella sp. dan 5 isolat (3,7%) Salmonella enteritidis. Seluruh isolat Salmonella (100%) terdeteksi gen virulen Inv A. Isolat Salmonella sp. resisten terhadap ampicillin (46,6 %, 7/15), azithromycin (20%, 3/15), cefotaxime (26,6 %, 4/15), chloramphenicol (6,6 %, 1/15), ciprofloxacin (80 %, 12/15), gentamycin (33,3, 5/15), nalidixic acid (93,3 %, 14/15), tetracyclin (53,3 %, 8/15), dan trimetroprim (20 %, 3/15). Isolat Salmonella enteritidis resisten terhadap antibiotika nalidixic acid (80%, 4/5), ampicillin (40%, 2/5) tetracyclin (20 %, 1/5 ). Dari 9 isolat Salmonella resisten ampicillin (77.78%, 7/9) terdeteksi gen blaTEM dan 11.2% (1/9) terdeteksi gen blaPSE, serta 1 isolat resisten chloramphenicol namun tidak terdeteksi gen floR. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa berhasil diisolasi dan diidentifikasi Salmonella sp maupun S. enteridis dan semua memiliki gen virulen Inv A. Pola resitensi antar isolat berbeda-beda dan terdeteksi gen blaTEM maupun blaPSE pada isolat Salmonella resisten ampicillin namun tidak terdeteksi gen floR pada isolat Salmonella yang resisten chloramphenicol.

Salmonella is a bacteria that can contamine the poultry broilers which can cause salmonellosis to the humans. Salmonellosis in humans is able to be transmitted through the animal����¯�¿�½���¯���¿���½����¯�¿�½������¢����¯�¿�½������¯����¯�¿�½������¿����¯�¿�½������½����¯�¿�½������¯����¯�¿�½������¿����¯�¿�½������½s food contamined by Salmonella. The presence of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella strains in animal products has an important public health role. The irrational and uncontrolled usage of antibotic is the main cause of the antibiotic-resistant spread in globally, until the bacteria is multi-resistant to a group of antibiotics. This study aims to isolate the Province of Special Region of Yogyakarta, detect the Inv A. virulent gene, discover the nature of the resistance of Salmonella, also detect the genes encoding resistance to various antibiotics. 135 broilers cecum from RPU DIY Province were used for this research. Moreover, the isolation and identification method of Salmonella sp. is using OIE isolation method (2018) and SNI 2897 : 2008. Antibiotics resistance test is using the agar dilution method to be liquid automatically by using the sensi titre tool. Then, the detection of resistant genes and virulent genes was carried out by the multiplex real time PCR method. The 135 sample results from the isolation and identification was gained 15 isolates of Salmonella sp. (11%) and 5 isolates of Salmonella enteritidis (3%). All Salmonella isolates (100%) detected the virulent gene Inv A. Isolate of Salmonella sp. resistant to ampicillin (46.6%, 7/15), azithromycin (20%, 3/15), cefotaxime (26.6%, 4/15), chloramphenicol (6.6%, 1/15), ciprofloxacin ( 80%, 12/15), gentamicin (33.3, 5/15), nalidixic acid (93.3%, 14/15), tetracycline (53.3%, 8/15), and trimethoprim (20%, 3/15). Furthermore, in this study, the isolates of Salmonella enteritidis is resistant to nalidixic acid (80%, 4/5), ampicillin (40%, 2/5) , and tetracyclin (20 %, 1/5 ) . Of the 9 ampicillin-resistant Salmonella isolates (77.78%, 79) the blaTEM gene was detected and 11.2% (1/9) the blapSE gene was detected, and 1 chloramphenicol resistant isolate but no floR gene was detected. In the results of the ampicillin resistance gene coding test (blaTEM and blapSE), it was detected that the blaTEM gene in the isolate of 7 ampicillin resistant, and the blaPSE gene was detected in the isolaate of 1 ampicillin resistant. Chloramphenicol resistance coding gene (floR) was not detected in the isolate of Chloramphenicol resistant

Kata Kunci : gen Inv A , gen resisten, resistensi antibiotika, Salmonella

  1. S2-2021-448629-Abstract.pdf  
  2. S2-2021-448629-bibliography.pdf  
  3. S2-2021-448629-Tableofcontent.pdf  
  4. S2-2021-448629-Title.pdf