Pengaruh Perlakuan Permukaan Cold Rolling terhadap Sifat Fisis, Mekanis, Wettability Stainless Steel 316L

TSUGA ACHMAD WISANGGENI, Dr.Eng. Ir. Priyo Tri Iswanto, S.T., M.Eng., IPM.

2021 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNIK MESIN

Stainless steel 316L merupakan material yang banyak digunakan sebagai material implan medis atau bisa disebut biomaterial. Salah satu penggunaan material implan medis tersebut adalah pada implantasi tulang. Sifat stainless steel 316L yang memenuhi kriteria biomaterial dan mudah ditemukan membuatnya banyak digunakan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan material implan yang tinggi. Cold rolling digunakan sebagai salah satu metode pembentukan dan meningkatkan sifat mekanis stainless steel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengaruh dari deformasi plastis material akibat perlakuan permukaan cold rolling terhadap sifat fisis, mekanis, dan ketahanan korosi pada material stainless steel 316L. Treatment cold rolling dilakukan pada 6 spesimen stainless steel hingga pada masing masing spesimen terjadi variasi deformasi plastis sebesar 0% sampai 25%. Pada stainless steel 316L yang terdeformasi hasil perlakuan dilakukan uji kekerasan, kekasaran, dan wettability material. Pengamatan juga dilakukan terhadap struktur mikro dari stainless steel 316L yang terdeformasi. Selanjutnya dilakukan pengujian laju korosi seragam dan korosi sumuran untuk mengetahui pengaruh deformasi plastis akibat treatment cold rolling terhadap sifat korosi material stainless steel 316L. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa treatment cold rolling menyebabkan laju korosi seragam material stainless steel 316L melambat seiring bertambahnya derajat deformasi. Sifat wettability pada material hasil uji tetap bertahan pada kategori hydrophilic tetapi sudut kontak dropletnya membesar. Nilai kekerasan material naik seiring dengan naiknya derajat deformasi akibat treatment. Perlakuan cold rolling menyebabkan nilai kekasaran permukaan material mengecil hingga menjadi 0.905 µm pada derajat deformasi plastis 25% dan struktur mikro dari stainless steel 316L menjadi lebih rapat dan pipih dengan adanya deformasi plastis.

Stainless steel 316L is a material that is widely used as a medical implant material or it can be called as biomaterial. Bone implants are an example of the use of biomaterial. The nature of stainless steel 316L which meets the criteria of biomaterials and its easy to find makes it widely used to meet the high needs of implant materials. Cold rolling is used as a method of forming and improving the mechanical properties of stainless steel. This study aims to analyze the effect of the plastic deformation of the material due to cold rolling on the physical, mechanical, and corrosion resistance properties of 316L stainless steel. Cold rolling treatment was carried out on 6 stainless steel specimens so that each specimen varied from 0% to 25% plastic deformation. Hardness testing, roughness testing, and wettability of the material testing are carried on the deformed stainless steel 316L which is caused by the cold rolling treatment before. Observations were also made on the microstructure of the deformed stainless steel 316L. Furthermore, the uniform corrosion rate and pitting corrosion were tested to determine the effect of plastic deformation due to cold rolling treatment on the corrosion properties of stainless steel 316L material. The results showed that the plastic deformation caused by cold rolling treatment made the uniform corrosion rate of the stainless steel 316L material slower. The wettability properties of the test result's material remain in the hydrophilic category but the droplet contact angle is increased. The hardness value of the material increases with the degree of deformation due to treatment. Cold rolling treatment causes the surface roughness value of the material to decrease to 0.905 µm at 25% degree of plastic deformation and the microstructure of stainless steel 316L becomes tighter in the presence of plastic deformation.

Kata Kunci : cold rolling, stainless steel