Kajian Pengelolaan Ekowisata Berdasarkan Kondisi Lingkungan Hidup (Studi Komparasi Ekowisata Umbul Ponggok dan Umbul Sigedhang)

YOSI TITRIASARI A, Prof. Dr. Sunyoto Usman., M.A.;Prof. Dr. Sudarmadji., M.Eng.Sc.

2021 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU LINGKUNGAN

Pengelolaan ekowisata di Indonesia semakin berkembang salah satunya berada di Kabupaten Klaten tepatnya di Desa Ponggok, yaitu destinasi ekowisata air Umbul Ponggok dan Umbul Sigedhang. Kegiatan pengelolaan ekowisata yang dilakukan dapat menyebabkan pengaruh positif maupun negatif berdasarkan kondisi lingkungan hidup di sekitar lokasi ekowisata. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengidentifikasi bentuk pengelolaan ekowisata, menganalisis kondisi lingkungan abiotik, biotik dan kultural, serta menganalisis pengaruh adanya pengelolaan ekowisata dan faktor yang mempengaruhinya. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran (mix method) yang mengkombinasikan antara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Penggunaan metode kualitatif untuk memperoleh data mengenai aspek lingkungan biotik dan kultural dengan melakukan indepth interview, observasi dan dokumentasi sedangkan metode kualitatif digunakan untuk memperoleh data mengenai aspek abiotik dengan uji laboratorium dimana hasil ujinya berupa angka. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu dapat diketahui bentuk pengelolaan Umbul Ponggok ditangani secara profesional oleh BUMDes sedangkan Umbul Sigedhang dikelola secara swadaya masyarakat oleh Pokdarwis Umbulsari. Berdasarkan pendekatan stakeholder engagement beberapa stakeholder yang berperan dalam pengelolaan Umbul Ponggok meliputi stakeholder kunci, stakeholder primer dan stakeholder sekunder sedangkan pada Umbul Sigedhang meliputi stakeholder kunci dan stakeholder primer. Kondisi kualitas air di kedua umbul baik karena tidak melebihi ambang batas bakumutu yang ditentukan karena adanya pandemi dan tidak ada wisatwan sehingga kualitas lingkungan menjadi lebih baik kembali pada rona awal lingkungan, untuk kondisi vegetasi di Umbul Ponggok ditemukan variasi vegetasi yang lebih sedikit dibandingkan di Umbul Sigedhang sedangkan untuk kondisi kultural adanya pengelolaan ekowisata dimanfaatkan untuk menunjang kegiatan ekonomi masyarakat sekitar. Kesimpulan yang diperoleh yaitu diperlukan evaluasi secara berkala untuk mengetahui pengaruh adanya pengelolaan ekowisata demi keberlanjutan objek ekowisata maupun kelestarian fungsi lingkungan sekitar objek ekowisata. Kata kunci: Bentuk Pengelolaan Ekowisata, Kondisi Lingkungan, Pengelolaan Ekowisata, Stakeholder Engagement, Stakeholder

Ecotourism management in Indonesia is increasingly developing, one of which is in Klaten Regency, precisely in Ponggok Village, namely the water ecotourism destinations of Umbul Ponggok and Umbul Sigedhang. Ecotourism management activities that are carried out can cause positive or negative effects based on the environmental condition around the ecotourism location. The aim of this study is to identify the form of ecotourism management, to analyze abiotic, biotic and cultural environmental conditions, as well as to analyze the effects of ecotourism management and the factors that influence it. This research method used a mix method that combined qualitative and quantitative. The use of qualitative method was to obtain data on aspects of the biotic and cultural environment by conducting in-depth interviews, observation and documentation, while qualitative method was used to obtain data on abiotic aspects by laboratory test where the test results were in the form of numbers. The result of this research is that, it can be seen that the form of Umbul Ponggok management was handled professionally by BUMDes while Umbul Sigedhang was managed non-governmental by Pokdarwis Umbulsari. Based on the stakeholder engagement approach, several stakeholders who played a role in managing Umbul Ponggok include key stakeholders, primary stakeholders and secondary stakeholders, while Umbul Sigedhang includes key stakeholders and primary stakeholders. The water quality conditions in both umbul were good because they did not exceed the specified threshold for quality standards due to the pandemic and there were no tourists so that the environmental quality is getting better return to the environmental initial hue, for vegetation conditions in Umbul Ponggok, there was less vegetation variation than in Umbul Sigedhang, while for cultural conditions, the existence of ecotourism management was used to support the economic activities of the surrounding community. The conclusion obtained is that periodic evaluation is needed to find out the effect of ecotourism management for the sustainability of ecotourism objects and the preservation of environmental functions around the ecotourism object. Keywords: Forms of Ecotourism Management, Environmental Condition, Ecotourism Management, Stakeholder Engagement, Stakeholders

Kata Kunci : Bentuk Pengelolaan Ekowisata, Kondisi Lingkungan, Pengelolaan Ekowisata, Stakeholder Engagement, Stakeholder