Analisis Kebijakan Penutupan Lokalisasi Karang Dempel Di Kota Kupang

MURDIONO NASSA, Dr. dr. Mubasysyir Hasanbasri, MA

2021 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT

Latar belakang: Penutupan Lokalisasi Karang Dempel justru berdampak pada meluasnya prostitusi terselubung, dan berpotensi meningkatkan kasus HIV/AIDS di Kota Kupang, keadaan ini mengindikasikan bahwa sebenarnya kebijakan tersebut kurang tepat, sehingga penulis tertarik untuk mengeksplorasi dan menganalisisnya. Tujuan penelitian: Menganalisis masalah kebijakan penutupan Lokalisasi Karang Dempel di Kota Kupang, dan memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan terkait tempat lokalisasi di Kota Kupang. Analisis kebijakan ini meliputi; konteks, aktor, proses, dan persepsi dampak. Metode Penelitian: Penelitian deskriptif kualitatif, dengan desain penelitian studi kasus Hasil Penelitian: Tiga alasan yang melatarbelakangi kebijakan penutupan Lokalisasi Karang Dempel, yaitu: alasan politik, alasan moral/agama, dan alasan kesehatan masyarakat. Penutupan lokalisasi sepenuhnya dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Daerah Kota Kupang beserta tim koordinasi. Proses kebijakan berfokus pada tahap implementasi. Pasca penutupan lokalisasi, para eks pekerja tidak lagi mendapatkan layanan kesehatan meskipun mereka masih berada di dalam lokalisasi untuk menunggu dana bantuan sosial, disamping itu pendapatan pun semakin berkurang. Banyak eks pekerja seks yang berpindah lokasi dan melakukan prostitusi ilegal, seperti di hotel, spot lokalan, rumah-rumah, panti pijat, dan kos-kosan. Potensi peningkatan kasus HIV/AIDS semakin tinggi karena tidak ada yang mengawasi. Anak di bawah umur pun terlibat dalam prostitusi, dan adanya potensi peningkatan kasus kekerasan seksual. Kesimpulan: Penutupan lokalisasi karang dempel dilatarbelakangi oleh alasan politik. Proses pembuatan kebijakan tanpa melalui penyusunan agenda, formulasi kebijakan, dan adopsi kebijakan, serta minim keterlibatan masyarakat. Dalam implementasinya, sebagian eks pekerja seks tidak mendapatkan bantuan sosial, dan pelatihan keterampilan tidak dilakukan. Penutupan lokalisasi ini berdampak negatif terhadap eks pekerja seks dan masalah kesehatan masyarakat.

Background: The closure of the Karang Dempel brothel causes the spread of illegal prostitution and it has the potential to increase HIV/AIDS cases in Kupang City. This situation indicates that the policy may be ineffective, and there is a need to explore and analyze the situation to suggest appropriate recommendations. Research purposes: This study aimed to analyze the policy of the Karang Dempel brothel closure in Kupang City and provide policy suggestions to achieve the targeted research objectives with the focus on context, actors, processes, and perceptions of impact. Research methods: The research used a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design. Research result: The policy of Karang Dempel brothel closure was found to be based on political, moral/religious, and public health reasons and fully conducted through the joint effort of the Kupang City Government and coordination team. The process of the policy was immediately focused on the implementation stage. The income of former sex workers was found to have decreased after the closure and no health services were received even though the workers were still in the brothel waiting for social assistance funds. Some workers have moved to other locations such as hotels, local spots, houses, massage parlors, and boarding houses to engage in illegal prostitution. Furthermore, the potential for HIV/AIDS cases increased due to the lack of supervision. The increasing number of sexual violence and children's involvement in prostitution also became a growing concern. Conclusion: The policy to close Karang Dempel brothel was motivated by political reasons and the process was discovered not to have passed through the proper channel of agenda-setting, policy formulation, and adoption. There was also minimal involvement of the community. Some former sex workers were reported not receiving social assistance and all workers did not have skill training at the implementation stage. It can be concluded that the closure of Karang Dempel negatively affected former sex workers and public health.

Kata Kunci : Kebijakan, Penutupan, Lokalisasi, Karang Dempel, Kota Kupang