ANALISIS KOMPARATIF TERHADAP PELAKSANAAN PUTUSAN ARBITRASE INTERNASIONAL DI INDONESIA

RIZKYAMANDA RANA, Herliana, S.H., M.Comm.Law., Ph.D

2021 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU HUKUM (KAMPUS JAKARTA)

Penelitian mengenai Analisis Komparatif Terhadap Pelaksanaan Putusan Arbitrase Internasional Di Indonesia dan Amerika Serikat, bertujuan untuk mengetahui hukum acara alternatif penyelesaian sengketa (alternative dispute resolution) melalui arbitrase di Indonesia; mengetahui hukum acara alternatif penyelesaian sengketa (alternatif dispute resolution) melalui arbitrase di Amerika Serikat; mengetahui perbandingan pelaksanaan putusan arbitrase internasional di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan jenis komparatif-normatif. Penelitian ini digunakan untuk mempelajari peraturan perundang-undangan, yurisprudensi dan norma-norma hukum, perbandingan lintas yurisdiksi akan dilakukan pada sistem hukum ini, khususnya terkait pelaksanaan putusan arbitrase internasional di Amerika Serikat. Data sekunder yang diperoleh dianalisis secara kualitatif untuk kemudian ditarik sebuah kesimpulan. Dari hasil penelitian alasan penolakan dan pembatalan pelaksanaan putusan arbitrase internasional di Indonesia secara tegas telah diatur dalam Pasal 66 Undang-Undang No. 30 Tahun 1999 maupun Pasal V New York Convention 1958. Sejak Undang-Undang No. 30 Tahun 1999 diundangkan, terdapat beberapa kasus penolakan dan pembatalan putusan arbitrase internasional di Indonesia seperti Karaha Bodas melawan Pertamina dan PLN dan E.D. & F. Man (Sugar) Ltd. melawan Yani Haryanto dan Astro All Asia Plc (Astro) melawan PT. Ayunda Prima Mitra (APM). Sedangkan Amerika Serikat membuktikan bahwa terlepas dari sejumlah pembelaaan yang tersedia berdasarkan Pasal V New York Convention 1958 dalam melaksanakan putusan arbitrase internasional, belum terdapat kasus yang muncul dimana pengadilan Amerika Serikat menolak untuk melaksanakan putusan arbitrase internasional. Misalnya dalam kasus COMMISA melawan PEMEX, pengadilan Amerika Serikat justru mengakui putusan arbitrase internasional yang ditolak berdasarkan hukum dimana putusan arbitrase internasional dibuat (lex arbitri).

Research on Comparative Analysis of the Implementation of International Arbitration Awards in Indonesia and United States, aims to determine alternative dispute resolution through arbitration in Indonesia; know the procedural law of alternative dispute resolution through arbitration in the United States; know the comparison of the implementation of international arbitration awards in Indonesia and the United States; and learning the experience of the United States in providing solutions to the implementation of international arbitration awards in Indonesia. This research is descriptive with comparative-normative type. This research is used to study statutory regulations, jurisprudence and legal norms, cross-jurisdictional comparison will be carried out in this legal system, especially regarding the implementation of international arbitration awards in the United States. Secondary data obtained were analyzed qualitatively and then a conclusion was made. From the result of the research, the reasons for the rejection and cancellation of the implementation of international arbitration awards in Indonesia are expressly regulated in Article 66 of the Law of No. 30 of 1999 and Article V of the New York Convention 1968. Since Law No. 30 of 1999 was promulgated, there was several cases of refucal and annulment of international arbitration awards in Indonesia such as Karaha Bodas against Pertamina and PLD and E.D. & F. MAN (Sugar) Ltd. against Yani Haryanto and Astro All Asia Networks Plc (Astro) against PT. Ayunda Prima Mitra (APM). Meanwhile, the United States proved that regardless of the number of pleas available under Article V of New York Convention 1958 in implementing international arbitration awards, no cases has yet emerged in which a United States court has refused to enforce an international arbitration award. For example, in case of COMMISA against PEMEX, United States courts have recognized international arbitration award was made (lex arbitri).

Kata Kunci : Pelaksanaan putusan arbitrase internasional, Indonesia, Amerika Serikat, implementation of international arbitration awards, Indonesia, United States