Hewan Model untuk Induksi Tukak Lambung Menggunakan Aspirin pada Tikus Wistar

PUA RENOH AJINASAWOR, drh Sitarina Widyarini, MP., Ph. D.

2021 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Tukak Lambung merujuk pada kondisi adanya kerusakan pada lambung atau dinding lambung. Pada manusia tukak lambung disebabkan oleh infeksi bakteri Helicobacter pylori dan penggunaan Obat Anti Inflamasi Non Steroidal (OAINS) seperti aspirin. Penelitian mengenai tukak lambung memerlukan hewan model untuk mengetahui efek suatu agen terhadap lambung yang telah menderita tukak lambung. Sebanyak 15 ekor tikus wistar (Rattus norvegicus) berumur tiga bulan dan berat 140-150 gram dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok. Tikus kemudian dipuasakan selama 24 jam lalu masing-masing kelompok diberi perlakuan induksi larutan aspirin 5% secara peroral dengan variasi dosis sebagai berikut: (1) Dosis 500 mg/kgBB ; (2) Dosis 1000 mg/kgBB ; (3) Dosis 1500 mg/kgBB. Lima jam berikutnya, tikus dieuthanasi dengan metode dislokasi serviks, lalu abdomen dibuka, kemudian lambung diambil dan dicuci dengan NaCl fisiologis. Lesi dan hemoragi yang muncul diamati secara makroskopis, dan dihitung. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan terdapat perbedaan signifikan antar setiap dosis aspirin yang diberikan(dosis 500 mg/kgBB ; dosis 1000 mg/kgBB ; dosis 1500mg/kgBB) terhadap skoring indeks tukak lambung (p<0,05). Indeks tukak lambung paling tinggi diperoleh dari dosis 1500 mg/kgBB.

Gastric ulcers refer to conditions where there is damage to the stomach or stomach wall. In humans, gastric ulcers are caused by Helicobacter pylori bacterial infection and the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin. Research on gastric ulcers requires animal models to determine the effect of an agent on the stomach in which gastric ulcer is already present. A total of 15 wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) aged three months and weighing 140-150 grams were divided into three groups. The rats were then fasted for 24 hours and then each group was given the induction of aspirin 5% solution orally with the following dosage variations: (1) Dose of 500 mg / kgBW; (2) Dose 1000 mg / kgBW; (3) Dose 1500 mg / kgBW. The next five hours, the rats were euthanized by the cervical dislocation method, then the abdomen was opened, then the stomach was taken and washed with physiological NaCl. The lesions and hemorrhage that appeared were observed macroscopically, and counted. The results showed that there was a significant difference between each dose of aspirin given (dose 500 mg / kgBW; dose 1000 mg / kgBW; dose 1500mg / kgBW) on the gastric ulcer index scoring (p <0.05). The highest gastric ulcer index was obtained from a dose of 1500 mg / kgBW.

Kata Kunci : aspirin, tukak lambung, hewan model, tikus wistar