PENERAPAN ETIKA PROFESI DALAM PRAKTIK KOLABORASI INTERPROFESIONAL TENAGA KESEHATAN

NURUL AIDA FATHYA, Christantie Effendy;Yayi Suryo Prabandari

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER BIOETIKA

Pendahuluan: Konsep pelayanan kesehatan patient center mendorong praktik kolaborasi interprofesional (PKIP). Meskipun setiap tenaga kesehatan memiliki kebijakan sendiri dalam melakukan kolaborasi, pemahaman etika bersama dibutuhkan agar dapat memperkuat PKIP. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui penerapan dan faktor yang berhubungan dengan PKIP serta mengetahui bagaimana etika interprofesional dipahami dan diterapkan dalam PKIP. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan mixed methods-sequential explanatory design dengan subjek tenaga kesehatan di RSUD R Syamsudin SH yang diambil secara systematic random sampling. Tahap kuantitatif dengan rancangan deskriptif observasional menggunakan kuisoner the Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale II (AITCS II) versi bahasa Indonesia dengan 3 domain. Tahap kualitatif menggunakan rancangan fenomenologi dengan wawancara mendalam. Hasil: Dari 320 responden, lebih dari 66% responden menerapkan kolaborasi baik pada tiap domain; 73,8 % responden menerapkan KIP dengan baik. Wawancara 11 partisipan menghasilkan 4 tema: pelaksanaan PKIP belum ideal, pemahaman komponen PKIP, pemahaman etika interprofesional dan kesamaan prinsip etik. Integrasi hasil menemukan adanya kesenjangan antara penerapan kolaborasi terukur dengan pelaksanaan di lapangan yang disebabkan oleh beberapa kendala dan faktor yang berhubungan dengan penerapan PKIP: latar belakang profesi, pemahaman KIP serta domainnya dan regulasi PKIP. Etika interprofesional dipahami sebagai pedoman bersama yang memiliki kesamaan prinsip antara lain: beneficence, nonmaleficence, respect for autonomy, justice, respect, understanding, equality, dan golden rule principle yang telah diterapkan dalam praktik KIP. Kesimpulan: Pemahaman KIP yang tidak tepat menimbulkan persepsi telah menerapkan PKIP dengan baik. Kesamaan prinsip di dalam etika interprofesional menjadi komponen penguat PKIP yang harus diterapkan.

Introduction: The concept of patient center health services encourages interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP). Although each healthcare professionals has their own policy of collaborating, a shared ethical understanding is needed in order to strengthen IPCP. The study aimed to determine the implementation and factors associated with IPCP, and to explore interprofessional ethics understanding and application in IPCP. Methods: This study used a mixed methods-sequential explanatory design, Participants were healthcare professionals at RSUD R Syamsudin SH recruited using systematic random sampling. The quantitative stage with an observational descriptive design used Indonesian version of the Assessment of Interprofessional Team Collaboration Scale II (AITCS II) with 3 domains. Phenomenological design with in-depth interviews adopted in the qualitative stage. Results: From 320 respondents, more than 66% of respondents had good collaboration in each domain; 73,8% of respondents had good collaboration in IPCP. In-depth interviews with 11 participants resulted in 4 themes: non-ideal IPCP implementation, IPCP domain understanding, interprofessional ethics understanding and common ethical principles. The integration analysis found that there was a gap between measured collaboration and real implementation, caused by several barriers and IPCP implementation related factors: profession background, understanding of IPC and its domain and regulations. Interprofessional ethics was understood as a common guideline that has similarity principles, including: beneficence, nonmaleficence, respect for autonomy, justice, respect, understanding, equality, and golden rule principle which has been implemented in IPCP.! Conclusion: An improper understanding of IPC creates the perception that IPCP is well implemented by healthcare professionals. The similarity of principles in interprofessional ethics is IPCP reinforcement component that must be applied.

Kata Kunci : AITCS II, praktik kolaborasi interprofesional, etika interprofesional, tenaga kesehatan.