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Evaluasi Pengelolaan Vaksin dan Injeksi di Puskesmas Kabupaten Sleman Bagian Barat

ISMAH NIZZA, apt. Septimawanto Dwi Prasetyo, M.Si.

2020 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Puskesmas sebagai fasilitas kesehatan tingkat pertama yang dituju oleh masyarakat masih sering mengalami beberapa masalah, salah satunya mengenai pengelolaan vaksin dan injeksi. Untuk itu, diperlukan penelitian mengenai pengelolaan vaksin dan injeksi di puskesmas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi lebih mendalam tentang manajemen pengelolaan dan tingkat pengetahuan apoteker dalam mengelola vaksin dan injeksi di Puskesmas Kabubaten Sleman bagian barat, sehingga dapat menjadi bahan evaluasi dan dapat meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan. Penelitian dilakukan pada Bulan Januari-Februari 2020 dan merupakan penelitian observasional deskriptif dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Instrumen terdiri dari lembar observasi dan wawancara, serta lembar kuesioner. Teknik pengambilan subjek penelitian dilakukan secara total sampling. Subjek penelitian yaitu tujuh Puskesmas Kabupaten Sleman bagian barat. Informan dalam penelitian ini adalah petugas pengelola vaksin dan injeksi. Data kuantitatif dianalisis secara statistik berupa persentase dan data kualitatif disajikan dalam bentuk narasi. Pengelolaan vaksin dan injeksi di Puskesmas Kabupaten Sleman bagian barat belum sepenuhnya baik. Terdapat puskesmas yang belum merencanakan injeksi kegawatdaruratan, tidak memiliki ventilasi udara dan jendela berteralis, ruang penyimpanan yang digunakan untuk menyimpan barang selain obat, tidak mencatat suhu vaksin saat libur dan belum memberikan jarak antar vaksin dalam refrigerator, penataan injeksi pada tiga puskesmas belum sesuai dengan aturan alfabetis, sistem FEFO, dan FIFO, masih terdapat vaksin kedaluwarsa pada tiga puskesmas dan injeksi kedaluwarsa pada enam puskesmas. Tingkat pengetahuan apoteker mengenai pengelolaan vaksin dan injeksi masih kurang baik dengan rerata 74,58. Aspek pengetahuan yang kurang baik yakni perencanaan dengan nilai 71,77 serta pengendalian dan distribusi dengan nilai 67,19, sedangkan aspek penyimpanan tergolong baik dengan nilai 81,25.

Public health center as the first health facility of the community often have several problem. It is about vaccine and injection management. For this reason, a research regarding vaccine and injection management is needed in public health center. This study aims to get information about the management and Pharmacists knowledge in managing vaccines and injections in public health centers of West Sleman, so they can evaluate and improve the quality of health services. This research has been done in January-February 2020 using descriptive observational study with a cross-sectional design. The instruments were observation, interview, and questionnaire sheets. The sampling technique was total sampling. The subjects were seven public health centers of West Sleman. The informants of the subjects were vaccine and injection management officers. Quantitative data were analyzed statistically in percentages and qualitative data were presented narratively. Vaccine and injection management in the public health centers of West Sleman has not been totally good. There were public health center did not have planning for emergency injections, did not have air ventilations and did not have windows with trellis, storage room also used for things other than medicines, did not record the vaccine temperatures during holidays and did not give gaps between vaccine boxes in the refrigerator, there were three public health center did not arrange the injections by alphabetical rules, FEFO, and FIFO systems, There were three public health center still have expired vaccines and six public health center still have expired injections. Pharmacists� knowledge of vaccine and injection managements were poor with average value 74.58. Knowledge about planning was poor with value 71,77 also knowledge about regulation and distribution with value 67,19. But knowledge about storage got good value with score 81,25.

Kata Kunci : pengelolaan vaksin, pengelolaan injeksi, tingkat pengetahuan apoteker, puskesmas

  1. S1-2020-397279-abstract.pdf  
  2. S1-2020-397279-bibliography.pdf  
  3. S1-2020-397279-tableofcontent.pdf  
  4. S1-2020-397279-title.pdf