Kajian Program Desa Tangguh Bencana Dalam Upaya Pengurangan Kerentanan di Kecamatan Cangkringan Kabupaten Sleman

PINTA RACHMADANI, Alia Fajarwati S.Si., M.IDEA

2020 | Skripsi | S1 PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH

Kecamatan Cangkringan merupakan salah satu kecamatan di Kabupaten Sleman yang mengalami kerugian tinggi pada erupsi Gunungapi Merapi Tahun 2010. Kerugian tersebut dapat disebabkan oleh kondisi sosial, ekonomi, fisik, maupun lingkungan yang rentan terhadap ancaman erupsi. Upaya pengurangan risiko bencana telah dilakukan salah satunya melalui program desa tangguh bencana (destana). Kesesuaian upaya pengurangan kerentanan dengan kondisi kerentanan perlu dilakukan untuk mencapai upaya pengurangan kerentanan yang efektif. Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui kesesuaian antara kondisi kerentanan dengan upaya pengurangan kerentanan yang dilakukan tiap destana. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode campuran. Metode kuantitatif untuk mengetahui kondisi kerentanan, sedangkan metode kualitatif untuk mengetahui upaya pengurangan kerentanan dan kesesuaian antara kondisi dengan upaya pengurangan kerentanan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kondisi kerentanan di Desa Argomulyo, Wukirsari, Umbulharjo, dan Kepuharjo memiliki nilai kerentanan tertinggi secara berurutan mulai dari aspek fisik, ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Sedangkan, Desa Glagaharjo memiliki pola nilai kerentanan yang berbeda yaitu berurutan mulai dari aspek fisik, sosial, ekonomi, dan lingkungan. Upaya pengurangan kerentanan tiap destana di Kecamatan Cangkringan memiliki kesamaan. Kegiatan pengurangan kerentanan antara lain dengan bantuan sosial, penyusunan SOP evakuasi, pelatiham kesiapsiagaan, pengembangan UMKM dan pariwisata, relokasi bangunan, rehabilitasi hutan, pembangunan DAM serta tanggul sungai. Kesesuaian upaya pengurangan kerentanan dengan kondisi kerentanan sudah terlaksana di empat desa yaitu Argomulyo, Wukirsari, Umbulharjo, dan Kepuharjo. ketidaksesuaian ditemukan di Desa Glagaharjo karena belum adanya upaya nyata pada aspek ekonomi serta kendala penolakan relokasi permukiman di KRB III pada aspek kerentanan fisik.

Cangkringan Subdistrict was one of those in Sleman District which suffered high losses when Merapi Mountain erupted in 2010. One caused those high losses might be social, economy, physical, and environtment condistions that vulnerable to the threat of eruption. One efforts of disaster risk reduction is Desa Tangguh Bencana (Destana) Program. The suitability between the effort and the risk condition should be done to achieve an effective risk reduction effort. The research objective was finding out the suitability between the condition and the reduction efforts of vulnerability conducted by every Destana in Cangkringan Subdistrict. The research has been done by using mixed methods. The quantitative method was performed to find out the vulnerability condition. While the qualitative ones was conducted to find out the effort of the vulnerability reduction and the suitability between the condition and the reduction effort of vulnerability. The result showed the condition of vulnerability in Argomulyo, Wukirsari, Umbulharjo, and Kepuharjo Village had the highest vulnerability values sequentially starting from the physical, economic, social, and environmental aspects. Meanwhile, Glagaharjo Village has a different pattern of vulnerability values in starting from physical, social, economic, and environmental aspect. The efforts to reduce vulnerability of each destana in Cangkringan Subdistrict have in common. The effort of vulnerability reduction can be decreased by social assistance, the arrangement of evacuation SOP, preparedness training, developing micro, small, and medium enterprises and tourism, relocating buildings, rehabilitating forest, building DAM and river embankment. The suitability of efforts to reduce vulnerability to the conditions of vulnerability has been implemented in four village Wukirsari, Argomulyo, Kepuharjo, and Umbulharjo. Discrepancies were found in Glagaharjo Village because there had not been any real effort on the economic aspect and the obstacles to reject the settlement relocation in KRB III on the aspect of physical vulnerability.

Kata Kunci : kesesuaian, Kerentanan, Desa Tangguh Bencana