KESEPADANAN PRAGMATIK PENERJEMAHAN TINDAK TUTUR DIREKTIF DALAM FILM THE MAZE RUNNER TRILOGY

DEWI MARYAM, Dr. Sajarwa., M.Hum.

2020 | Tesis | MAGISTER LINGUISTIK

Penelitian ini membahas tentang kesepadanan pragmatik penerjemahan tindak tutur direktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kesepadanan bentuk dan makna penerjemahan tindak tutur direktif, menganalisis kesepadanan daya direktif dan implikasinya terhadap tingkat kesantunan melalui tinjauan struktural. Data dikumpulkan dari film The Maze Runner Trilogy yang diterjemahkan oleh Nazaret Setiabudi dengan metode observasi. Data tersebut kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif komparatif dan disajikan secara kualitatif dengan dukungan data kuantitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah ditemukan dua bentuk tindak tutur direktif, yaitu tindak tutur langsung dan tidak langsung. Dari total 350 data, 50 (14.2%) berbentuk tidak langsung, dan 300 (85.7%) berbentuk langsung. Bentuk ini sepadan secara pragmatis karena tetap mempertahankan directive illocutionary points. Kesepadanan makna pada penerjemahan tindak tutur direktif adalah, ditemukannya enam makna direktif yaitu requestives, requirements, prohibitives, questions, permissives dan advisories. Makna yang mengalami pergeseran sejumlah 22 (6.2%), dan makna yang tidak bergeser terjadi sebanyak 328 (93.7). Kesepadanan bentuk dan makna ini mempengaruhi daya direktif tindak tutur. Semakin bentuk tuturan tidak langsung, daya direktif semakin tinggi. Jika daya direktif semakin tinggi, tingkat kesantunan semakin rendah. Daya direktif meningkat sebanyak 15 (4.2%) dan statis sebanyak 335 (95.75%). Kesantunan selain dilihat dari indirectness scale (skala ketidaklangsungan) yang didasarkan pada bentuk kalimat penyusun tindak tutur direktif, tingkat kesantunan juga dipengaruhi oleh optionality scale (skala pilihan), cost-benefit scale (skala untung rugi), authority (kekuasaan) dan social distance (jarak sosial). Dengan demikian, kesepadanan pragmatik ini menunjukkan adanya directness shift pada penerjemahan tindak tutur direktif film The Maze Runner Trilogy yang berpangaruh terhadap tingkat kesantunannya.

This study discusses the pragmatic equivalence of directive speech act translation. This study aims to analyze the forms and meanings equivalence, to analyze the directive force and its implications to politeness through structural views. Data was collected from the movie The Maze Runner Trilogy which was translated by Nazaret Setiabudi using observation method. The data were analyzed using comparative descriptive method and presented qualitatively with the support of quantitative data. There are three results of this study. First, there are two forms of directive speech acts, namely direct and indirect speech acts. From a total of 350 direct, 50 (14.2%) are indirect, and 300 (85.7%) are direct. This form is pragmatically equivalent because it maintains directive illocutionary points. In equivalence of meanings in the translation of directive speech acts, there are six directive meanings namely requestives, requirements, prohibitives, questions, permissives and advisories. The meanings that experienced a shift is 22 (6.2%), and the meaning that did not shift occurred as many as 328 (93.7). This equivalence of form and meaning influences the directive force of speech acts. The more indirect speech forms, the higher the directive force. If the directive force is higher, the politeness level will be lower. The directive power increased by 15 (4.2%) and static by 335 (95.75%). In addition, politeness level was not only influenced by indirectness scale as seen through form of directive speech acts, but also influenced by optionality scale, cost-benefit scale, authority and social distance. Therefore, this pragmatic equivalence indicates directness shift in the translation of the directive speech acts in The Maze Runner Trilogy movie and it affects the level of politeness.

Kata Kunci : penerjemahan, tindak tutur direktif, kesantunan