PERBANDINGAN METODE SEXING BURUNG KENARI (Serinus canaria) SECARA FENOTIPE MELALUI GARIS PARUH DAN BENTUK KLOAKA

ROSA YANESWARA M P, Dr. drh. Yanuartono, M.P.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Burung kenari (Serinus canaria) merupakan burung monomorfik karena jenis kelaminnya sulit dibedakan dari morfologi burung. Terdapat beberapa metode penentuan jenis kelamin burung yang digunakan masyarakat umum. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membandingkan akurasi metode sexing burung kenari secara fenotipe melalui posisi bola mata terhadap garis paruh dengan metode sexing melalui bentuk kloaka. Penelitian ini menggunakan 24 ekor burung kenari dengan umur bervariasi antara dua bulan, tiga bulan, empat bulan, dan burung dewasa berumur lebih dari enam bulan. Masing-masing kelompok umur diambil tiga ekor burung jantan dan tiga ekor burung betina. Jenis kelamin burung kenari yang dijadikan acuan diketahui berdasarkan sexing molekuler menggunakan Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Seluruh burung diamati kloaka dan posisi bola mata terhadap garis paruh. Kenari betina diyakini memiliki mata yang berada di atas garis paruh dan bentuk kloakanya rata. Hasil pengamatan dicocokkan dengan hasil sexing molekuler, kemudian dilakukan analisis keakuratan masing-masing metode secara deskriptif. Hasil pengamatan posisi bola mata menunjukkan keakuratan metode ini sebesar 54,2%, sedangkan keakuratan sexing secara fenotipe melalui bentuk kloaka sebesar 83,3%. Maka, dapat disimpulkan bahwa sexing burung kenari secara fenotipe melalui bentuk kloaka lebih akurat dibanding melalui posisi mata terhadap garis paruh.

Canary is a monomorphic bird whose physical appearance is difficult to be distinguished between males and females. Due to the fact that there are some sex determination methods commonly used, this study focuses only on comparing the accuracy of two Canary's sexing methods seen from phenotype character between eyes position toward beak line and cloaca's shape. The sample of this study is 24 birds whose ages are varied by about two months, three months, four months, and more than six months (adult). Moreover, each age group consists of three males and three females. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is used for primary sex identification. Eyes position and cloaca from all samples were observed. The female Canaries are believed to have eyes position straight above the beak line and their cloaca are flat. Meanwhile, the presence of cloacal protuberance is found only in the male birds. The result of this study is compared with the result of the genotype's sexing methods and analyzed based on their accuracy descriptively. The result of this study shows the accuracy of the sexing method seen from the cloaca shape is 83.3 % while the sexing method based on eyes position toward the beak line is 54.2 %. In conclusion, Canary's phenotype sexing method by seeing their cloaca shape is more accurate than through eye position toward the beak line.

Kata Kunci : sexing, kenari, fenotipe, kloaka