ANALISIS DAMPAK BANTUAN PROGRAM GANG HIJAU DKI JAKARTA TERHADAP KETAHANAN PANGAN RUMAH TANGGA (PENGUKURAN MENGGUNAKAN FOOD INSECURITY EXPERIENCE SCALE SURVEY)

MARTIN GIBSON BARASA, Dr. Evi Noor Afifah, S.E., M.S.E.

2019 | Tesis | Magister Ekonomika Pembangunan

Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta melalui Dinas Ketahanan Pangan, Kelautan dan Perikanan (DKPKP) memberikan bantuan berupa Program Gang Hijau yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan warga DKI Jakarta. Dalam penelitian ini, ketahanan pangan rumah tangga sebelum menerima bantuan Program Gang Hijau dan setelah rumah tangga menerima bantuan Program Gang Hijau dianalisis untuk mengetahui peningkatannya. Ketahanan pangan sebelum dan sesudah rumah tangga menerima bantuan Program Gang Hijau kemudian dianalisis berapa jumlah responden dan item pertanyaan survei mana yang mengalami peningkatan atau penurunan baik secara signifikan maupun tidak signifikan. Ketahanan pangan diukur dengan menggunakan survei Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Alat ukur ini dikembangkan oleh FAO dan sudah digunakan dalam mengukur ketahanan pangan di 140 negara oleh Gallup World Poll. Berbeda dengan pengukuran ketahanan pangan yang lain, pengukuran ini dijalankan dengan menggunakan Rasch Model. Hasil analisis dengan menggunakan Rasch Model kemudian diukur secara berulang (time series) berupa Stacking Analysis, Racking Analysis, dan uji beda individu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Program Gang Hijau menurunkan prevalensi kerawanan pangan sebesar 8,83%. Hasil Stacking Analysis dan uji beda individu skor logit respondent menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 25% rumah tangga yang mengalami penurunan kerawanan pangan secara signifikan. Lebih lanjut hasil Racking Analysis dan uji beda individu skor logit respondent menunjukkan bahwa item HEALTHY mengalami penurunan signifikan setelah rumah tangga mendapatkan bantuan Program Gang Hijau. Penurunan signifikan item HEALTHY menunjukkan bahwa rumah tangga mengalami peningkatan pengalaman makan makanan sehat secara signifikan setelah mendapat bantuan Program Gang Hijau. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini diharapkan penerima bantuan penyaluran Program Gang Hijau ini dapat terus perluas oleh DKPKP DKI Jakarta.

DKI Jakarta Provincial Government through the Department of Food Security, Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (DKPKP) provides Green Alley Program assistance aims to increasing the food security of Jakarta citizens. In this study, households food security before receivied Green Alley Program assistance and after households received Green Alley Program assistance were analyzed to find out the improvement. Food security before and after the household received Green Alley Program assistance was then analyzed by how many respondents and which survey question items have increased or decreased either significantly or insignificantly. Food security was measured using Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES) survey. This measurement tool was developed by FAO and has been used in measuring food security in 140 countries by the Gallup World Poll. In contrast to other measures of food security, this measurement is carried out using the Rasch Model. The results of the analysis using the Rasch Model were then measured repeatedly (time series) in the form of Stacking Analysis, Racking Analysis, and individual different tests. The results showed that the Green Alley Program reduced the prevalence of food insecurity by 8.83%. The results of the Stacking Analysis and individual differences test in logit respondent scores indicate that there are 25% of households that have experienced a significant reduction in food insecurity. Furthermore, the results of Racking Analysis and individual differences in the logit respondent score indicate that the HEALTHY items decreased significantly after households received Green Gang Program assistance. Significant decrease in HEALTHY items indicates that households experienced a significant increase in the experience of eating healthy foods after receiving Green Gang Program assistance. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that the recipients of the Green Gang Program distribution assistance can continue to expand by DKPKP DKI Jakarta.

Kata Kunci : Program Gang Hijau, Food Insecurity Experience Scale, Ketahanan Pangan, Rasch Model, Item Response Theory, Stacking Analysis, Racking Analysis, individual different test, FAO, DKPKP DKI Jakarta, Urban Agriculture