EVALUASI EFEKTIVITAS PROGRAM PEMANFAATAN DANA DESA: KASUS DI DESA JATIROTO, KECAMATAN KAYEN, KABUPATEN PATI

YENI NUR AFIFAH, Prof. Dr. Yeremias T. Keban, S.U., M.URP.

2019 | Tesis | MAGISTER PERENCANAAN WILAYAH DAN KOTA

Sejak diluncurkannya Dana Desa oleh pemerintah Indonesia tahun 2015 lalu, desa-desa telah gencar melakukan kegiatan pembangunan, termasuk Desa Jatiroto yang berlokasi di Kecamatan Kayen, Kabupaten Pati. Karena nominalnya cukup besar, program-program dari pemanfaatan Dana Desa mendapat sorotan dari berbagai pihak. Berbagai macam evaluasi pun telah dilakukan baik oleh pemerintah maupun dari kalangan akademisi, namun evaluasi yang khusus menyorot dampak program pemanfaatan Dana Desa terhadap pembangunan lokal masih belum banyak dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi capaian program pemanfaatan Dana Desa dan kesesuaiannya dengan perencanaan pada literatur akademik, mengevaluasi pengaruh program pemanfaatan Dana Desa terhadap pembangunan desa, dan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi keberhasilan/kegagalan program pemanfaatan Dana Desa, dengan kasus di Desa Jatiroto, Kecamatan Kayen, Kabupaten Pati. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah deduktif dengan analisis menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Program pemanfaatan Dana Desa di Desa Jatiroto, Kecamatan Kayen, Kabupaten Pati telah berhasil membangun jalan desa dengan lapis rabat beton, jalan pertanian, talud jalan, revitalisasi lapangan voli, dan penyertaan modal BUMDes berupa alat-alat bangunan, namun proses pelaksanaannya belum sesuai dengan perencanaan secara umum. Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, hasil program pemanfaatan Dana Desa di Desa Jatiroto belum memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap pembangunan desa. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kegagalannya di antaranya kestabilan politik dan keamanan internal desa yang belum baik, tidak dilakukan oleh orang yang ahli dalam bidangnya, tidak realistis, top down dan buttom up planning belum berjalan dengan baik, dan tidak adanya transparansi dan belum dapat diterima masyarakat.

Since Village Fund has been launched by Indonesian government in 2015, the villages have been intensively carrying out development activities, including Jatiroto Village located in Kayen District, Pati Regency. Because the nominal is quite large, programs from Village Fund utilization are highlighted by various parties. Various types of evaluations have also been carried out both by the government itself and academics, but evaluations that specifically highlight the impact of the Village Fund utilization program on local development were still not widely implemented. This study aims to evaluate the achievements of the Village Fund utilization program and its suitability with planning theories in academic literatures, evaluate the effect of the Village Fund utilization program on village development, and identify factors that influence the success/failure of Village Fund utilization programs, with the case in Jatiroto Village, Kayen District, Pati Regency. The approach used is deductive with analysis using qualitative descriptive methods. The Village Fund utilization program in Jatiroto Village, Kayen Subdistrict, Pati Regency has succeeded in building village roads with concrete rebate layers, agricultural roads, road taps, revitalization of volleyball court, and equity participation in BUMDes in the form of building tools, but the implementation process is not in accordance with the planning in generally. Based on the research conducted, the results of the Village Fund utilization program in Jatiroto Village have not had a significant influence on village development. Factors influencing its failure are political stability and internal village security that have not been good, not carried out by people who are experts in their fields, unrealistic, top down and buttom up planning have not gone well, and lack of transparency and are not acceptable to the community.

Kata Kunci : Dana Desa, Evaluasi, Pembangunan, Perencanaan /Development, Evaluation, Planning, Village Fund