PENGUKURAN KUALITAS HIDUP PADA POPULASI UMUM DI KOTA YOGYAKARTA MENGGUNAKAN INSTRUMEN QUALITY OF WELL BEING-SELF ADMINISTERED (QWB-SA) VERSI INDONESIA

RAHMAT MAKMUR, Dr. Tri Murti Andayani, Sp.FRS., Apt ; Dr. Chairun Wiedyaningsih, M.Kes., M.App.Sc., Apt

2019 | Tesis | MAGISTER ILMU FARMASI

Analisis Farmakoekonomi merupakan cara yang komprehensif untuk menentukan pengaruh ekonomi dari intervensi kesehatan. Salah satu parameter untuk menilai status kesehatan masyarakat yaitu pengukuran kualtas hidup. Quality of Well Being Self Administered (QWB-SA) merupakan instrumen generik yang terdiri dari 4 domain meliputi gejala akut dan kronik, mobilitas, aktivitas fisik dan aktivitas sosial. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengukur kualitas hidup populasi umum di kota Yogyakarta dan melihat perbedaan kualitas hidup berdasarkan sosiodemografi. Jenis penelitian menggunakan rancangan cross sectional pada 250 responden dari populasi umum di 4 kecamatan kota Yogyakarta. Kuesioner yang digunakan yaitu Quality of Well Being Self Administered (QWB-SA) versi Indonesia dengan 75 item pertanyaan. Skoring menggunakan algorithm QWB-SA dikembangkan di Universitas California San Diego, Amerika Serikat. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif, analisis perbedaan kualitas hidup (QoL) berdasarkan sosiodemografi dengan uji Mann whitney dan Kruskall Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan nilai utility yang didapatkan 0,741 (SD= 0,122) dengan nilai utility tertinggi 1,000 dan terendah 0,474. Pengukuran berdasarkan nilai VAS diperoleh nilai rata-rata sebesar 81,36 (SD= 8,858) dengan VAS tertinggi 100 dan terendah 50. Persepsi kondisi kesehatan menurut responden menilai kesehatannya mayoritas menjawab baik (31,1% n =145) dibandingkan dengan satu tahun lalu responden menilai kesehatannya mayoritas menjawab hampir sama dengan setahun yang lalu (56,0% n= 140). Hasil analisis uji beda menunjukan tidak terdapat perbedaan secara signifikan antara kualitas hidup berdasarkan sosiodemografi, namun terhadap nilai utility perdomain terdapat perbedaan secara signifikan pada domain mobilitas, aktifitas fisik dan aktifitas sosial pada kelompok usia serta domain mobilitas di kelompok penghasilan (p< 0,05). Hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi informasi dan referensi terkait alternatif alat ukur untuk mengukur utility pada kajian Farmakoekonomi.

Pharmacoeconomic analysis is a comprehensive way to determine the economic influence of health interventions. One of reference for assessing public health status is to measurement the quality of life. This generic instrument Quality of Well Being Self Administered (QWB-SA) consists of 4 domains including acute and chronic symptoms, mobility, physical activity and social activities. Each has a different rating for each domain during the health condition 3 days before. The aim of this study was to measure the quality of life on the general population in the city of Yogyakarta and to see the differences in quality of life based on sociodemography. This type of research uses a cross sectional design on 250 respondents from the general population in 4 sub-districts of Yogyakarta. The questionnaire used was the Indonesian version of the Quality of Well Being Self Administered (QWB-SA) with 75 question items. Scoring using the QWB-SA algorithm was developed at the University of California San Diego, United States. Data were analyzed descriptively, analysis of differences in quality of life (QoL) based on sociodemography with Mann Whitney and Kruskall Wallis tests. The results showed that the utility value obtained was 0.741 (SD = 0.122) with the highest utility value of 1,000 and the lowest value of 0.474. Measurements based on VAS values obtained an average value of 81.36 (SD = 8.858) with the highest VAS of 100 and the lowest 50. Perception of health conditions according to respondents rated their health the majority responded well (31.1% n = 145) compared to one year ago respondents considered their health the majority answered almost the same as a year ago (56.0% n = 140). The results of the analysis of different tests showed no significant differences between quality of life based on sociodemography, but on the value of domain utility there were significant differences in the domains of mobility, physical activity and social activity in the age group and mobility domain in the income group (p <0.05) . The results of this study can be information and references related to alternative measuring instruments for measuring utility in Pharmacoeconomic studies.

Kata Kunci : Pengukuran kualitas hidup,validasi, QWB-SA.