Formal Help-Seeking Intention Ditinjau dari Usia, Jenis Kelamin, dan Perceived Public Stigma

ARINDAH ARIMOERTI D, Dr. Muhana Sofiati Utami, M.S., Psikolog

2019 | Tesis | MAGISTER PSIKOLOGI PROFESI

Meskipun sudah menjadi pembahasan sejak lama, rendahnya angka pencarian pertolongan masih rendah. Penyebab rendahnya angka pencarain bantuan ini dapat disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, mulai dari faktor eksternal (sulitnya akses ke fasilitas kesehatan, kurangnya tenaga profesional) hingga faktor internal (usia, jenis kelamin, sulitnya untuk terbuka, khawatir terhadap treatment, dan stigma). Kurangnya pemahaman mengenai isu ini dalam setting Indonesia dapat menjadi salah satu alasan yang menyebabkan usaha tersebut menjadi kurang optimal. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah melakukan investigasi lebih dalam mengenai kemampuan perceived-public stigma, usia, dan jenis kelamin dalam memprediksi help-seeking intention masyarakat urban dengan memerhatikan faktor status kesehatan mental. Instrumen penelitian yang digunakan adalah Perceived Public Mental Health Stigma Scale (PPMHSS), Mental Help Seeking Intention Scale (MHSIS), dan General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). Subjek penelitian yang terlibat sebanyak 388 responden (perempuan 71.1%, laki-laki 28.9%). Hasil pengujian diketahui bahwa usia, jenis kelamin, dan perceived public stigma tidak mampu memprediksi intensi pencarian bantuan seseorang (F= 2.083, p>0.05). Sementara itu, kemampuan perceived public stigma dalam memprediksi intensi pencarian bantuan menguat ketika variabel status kesehatan mental dilibatkan sebagai variabel moderator (F=6.605, p<0.001), dengan total R2 adalah 0.049.

Although it has been under discussion for a long time, the rate of help-seeking intention is still low. This low rate of help-seeking intentions can be caused by a variety of factors, ranging from external factors (difficulty access to health facilities, lack of mental health professionals) to internal factors (age, gender, difficulty in being open, worry about treatment, and stigma). The lack of understanding of this issue in Indonesian settings can be one of the reasons that thus efforts have become less than optimal. This research aims to conduct a broader investigation of the ability of perceived-public stigma, age, and sex in predicting the help-seeking intentions of urban society by paying attention to the factor of mental health status. The research instruments used were the Perceived Public Mental Health Stigma Scale (PPMHSS), Mental Help Seeking Intention Scale (MHSIS), and General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12). The research subjects involved were 388 respondents (71.1% female, 28.9% male). The test results revealed that age, gender, and perceived public stigma were unable to predict a person's help-seeking intentions (F = 2,083, p> 0.05). Meanwhile, the ability of perceived public stigma in predicting help-seeking intentions strengthened when the mental health status variable was included as a moderator variable (F = 6.605, p <0.001), with total R2 being 0.049

Kata Kunci : help-seeking intention, perceived-public stigma, status kesehatan mental, stigma