PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN FITOBIOTIK EKSTRAK BUAH MAHKOTA DEWA (Phaleria macrocarpa) PADA AIR MINUM TERHADAP BERAT KARKAS DAN ORGAN DALAM AYAM BROILER

TAUFIK AHMAD ZULFIAN, Prof. Dr. Ir. Zuprizal, DEA., IPU.;Ir. Rusman, MP., Ph.D.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian fitobiotik ekstrak buah mahkota dewa yang ditambahkan pada air minum terhadap berat potong, berat dan persentase karkas, meat bone ratio dan berat organ dalam ayam broiler. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di kandang Laboratorium Ilmu Ternak Unggas Fakultas Peternakan Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Ayam broiler yang digunakan sebanyak 160 ekor DOC jantan yang dipelihara pada kandang sistem terbuka dan dibagi secara acak ke dalam 4 kelompok perlakuan. Setiap perlakuan diulang 4 kali masing-masing terdiri dari 10 ekor ayam di setiap kandang replikasi. Perlakuan terdiri dari P1 air minum tanpa aditif pakan (kontrol negatif), P2 air minum + antibiotik tetracycline (kontrol positif), P3 air minum + 2,5 % ekstrak buah mahkota dewa, P4 air minum + 5,0 % ekstrak buah mahkota dewa. Ransum basal yang diberikan disusun berbasis jagung-bungkil kedelai dengan kandungan PK 20,66% dan ME 2971,30 kcal/kg. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap pola searah menggunakan aplikasi Statistical Package for the Social Science version 16. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan fitobiotik ekstrak buah mahkota dewa pada air minum hingga level 5% tidak memberikan efek yang nyata terhadap berat potong, berat karkas, persentase karkas, meat bone ratio ayam broiler, bobot proventrikulus, ventrikulus, duodenum, jejenum, ileum, sekum, usus besar, serta bobot, hati, limpa dan jantung. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penambahan bioaktif ekstrak buah mahkota dewa dalam air minum tidak mempengaruhi bobot potong, bobot karkas, persentase karkas, meat bone ratio dan berat komponen organ dalam ayam broiler.

The research was conducted to know the effect of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit extract addition in drinking water on slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, meat bone ratio and visceral organ weight. The research was done in the poultry cage Laboratory of Poultry Science Faculty of Animal Science, Gadjah Mada University, Yogyakarta. One hundred and sixty male broilers were used and maintenanced on open system cage and divided into four treatments with 4 replicates (10 birds in each repliclate). The experimental treatments were consisted of basal diet (P1: negative control), and basal diet with antibiotic tetracycline supplementation (P2: positive control), and basal diet with 2.5% of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extract (P3), and basal diet with 5% of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extract (P4). The basal diet was based on yellow corn and soybean meal that contains 20.66% crude protein, 2971.30 kcal/kg metabolizable energy. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance in completely randomized design. The results showed that supplementation of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extract up to 5.0% level did not affect to slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage and meat bone ratio, while supplementation of Phaleria macrocarpa extract did not affect to proventriculus weight, ventriculus weight, duodenum weight, jejenum weight, ileum weight, seca weight, colon weight, liver weight, spleen weight and heart weight. It could be concluded that supplementation of Phaleria macrocarpa fruits extract up to 5.0% level in drinking water did not affect to slaughter weight, carcass weight, carcass percentage, meat bone ratio and visceral organs weight.

Kata Kunci : Ayam broiler, Berat karkas, Ekstraks buah, Mahkota dewa , Organ dalam/Broiler chicken, Carcass weight, Extraction, Phaleria macrocarpa, Visceral organs