KARAKTERISTIK FISIKA TANAH PADA BERBAGAI PENGGUNAAN LAHAN DI LERENG SELATAN GUNUNG SLAMET

I GEDE ARYA SETYAWAN, Ir. Suci Handayani, M. P.; Ir. Rosich Attaqy. M.Sc.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU TANAH

Penelitian yang berjudul Karakteristik Fisika Tanah Pada Berbagai Penggunaan Lahan di Lereng Selatan Gunung Slamet bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisika tanah pada beberapa penggunaan lahan yang berada di lereng selatan Gunung Slamet. Penelitian dilaksanakan di beberapa daerah dengan penggunaan lahan dan ketinggian tempat berbeda di wilayah lereng selatan Gunung Slamet Kabupaten Banyumas, Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini diawali dengan langkah membuat peta satuan lahan, hasil tumpang susun peta penggunaan lahan, peta kemiringan lahan, peta ketinggian tempat dan peta tanah wilayah Lereng Selatan Gunung Slamet, sebagai dasar penentuan lokasi sampling. Pengambilan sampel tanah dan pengamatan lapangan menggunakan metode Purposive Stratified Sampling. Sebanyak 45 SPL terpilih sebagai lokasi sampling. Proses selanjutnya, dilakukan analisis di di Laboratorium Ilmu Tanah, Departemen Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Hasil yang didapat untuk karakteristik fisika tanah pada penggunaan lahan kebun, sawah, tegalan, semak belukar dan hutan, berat volume tanah berkisar 0,48 g.cm-3 sampai 0,71 g.cm-3, berat jenis tanah berkisar 1,72 g.cm-3 sampai 2,13 g.cm-3, porositas tanah berkisar 63,50% sampai 73,01%, kapasitas lapang pF berkisar 56,31% sampai 121,95%, titik layu permanen berkisar 37,18% sampai 79,05%, air tersedia berkisar 8,35%v sampai 24,91%v, permeabilitas berkisar 0,15 cm.jam-1 sampai 0,52 cm.jam-1, persentase fraksi lempung berkisar 8,79%â sampai 50,31%, persentase fraksi debu 29,34% sampai 58,00%, persentase fraksi pasir berkisar 14,24 sampai 60,37%, stabilitas agregat berkisar 131,65% sampai 186,98% dengan harkat sangat mantap, ketahanan penetrasi tanah berkisar 29,00 kg.cm-3 sampai 77,50 kg.cm-3, bahan organik tanah berkisar 14,04% sampai 22,97%. Kesimpulan yang didapat bahwa penggunaan lahan lebih signifikan dibandingkan ketinggian tempat dalam merubah sifat fisik. Kata kunci : karakteristi, fisika tanah, penggunaan lahan, Gunung Slamet

The title of this research is Soil Physicals Characteristic on some types of landuse at South Slope of Slamet Mountain. The aims of the research was to know soil physicals characteristic some types of landuse at south slope of Slamet mountain. This research was conducted in some areas with different landuse and altitude at south slope Slamet mountain, Banyumas, Central Java. The first step in this research was create the map of land unit, the overlay result from land use map, land slope map, land elevation map, and type of soil map in south of Slamet mountain�s side; as the basic stuff for determine the sampling location. The soil sampling and field observation method was Purposive Stratified Sampling. Forty five (45) land map units selected as sampling location. The study included two steps. First step was field observation to identify land use characteristics at some altitude. Scond step was laboratory analysis to identify soil physicals properties. The result of this study were soil bulk density ranged 0,48 up to 0,71 g.cm-3, soil specific gravity was 1,72 g.cm-3 up to 2,13 g.cm-3, Soil porosity was 63,50% up to 73,01%, pF of soil moisture at field capasity was 56,31% up to 121,95%, soil moisture at permanent wilting point was 37,18% up to 79,05%, Soil water available was 8,35% up to 24,91%, Soil permeability was 0,15 cm.hour-1 up to 0,52 cm.hour-1, Clay fraction percentage was 8,79% up to 50,31%, silt fraction percentage was 29-34% up to 58,00%, Sand fraction percentage was 14,24% up to 60,37%, Agregation stability was 131,65% up to 186,98% with very steady level, Soil penetration endurance was 29,00 kg.cm-3 up to 77,50 kg.cm-3, Soil organic matter was 14,04% up to 22,97%. The conclusion of this research was different types of landuse has more significant effect than land altitude in changing soil�s physical properties. Keyword : Soil Physics Characteristic, Landuse, Slamet Mountain.

Kata Kunci : karakteristi, fisika tanah, penggunaan lahan, Gunung Slamet/Soil Physics Characteristic, Landuse, Slamet Mountain.