Peran Tanaman Pangan (Food Crops) Dalam Perekonomian Kabupaten Bantul

MUH FAIZ MUDHOFFAR, Drs. H. B. S. Eko Prakoso, M.SP.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH

Pertanian merupakan sektor yang memberikan peran besar bagi perekonomian Kabupaten Bantul dari segi kontribusi pendapatan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB). Salah satu subsektor yang memiliki peran penting dalam perekonomian dan ketersediaan produksi pangan Kabupaten Bantul adalah subsektor tanaman pangan. Tanaman pangan (food crops) terdiri dari komoditas padi, jagung, ubi kayu, ubi jalar, kacang tanah, dan kedelai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi peran subsektor tanaman pangan terhadap perekonomian Kabupaten Bantul dilihat dari surplus pendapatan dan pengganda pendapatan yang ditimbulkan, dan mengidentifikasi daerah basis subsektor tanaman pangan (food crops) di Kabupaten Bantul, serta mengidentifikasi perbedaan produksi subsektor tanaman pangan (food crops) sebelum dan sesudah penetapan Perda DIY No.10 tahun 2011 tentang Perlindungan Lahan Pertanian Pangan Berkelanjutan (PLP2B) di Kabupaten Bantul. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan dominasi penggunaan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS) serta dukungan dengan penggunaan data primer melalui survei wawancara mendalam dengan pejabat Dinas Pertanian Kabupaten Bantul. Hasil olah data menggunakan teknik analisis surplus dan pengganda pendapatan, analisis Location Quotient (LQ), dan analisis uji statistik Paired T-Test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai surplus dan pengganda pendapatan besar di Kabupaten Bantul dihasilkan oleh komoditas padi, jagung, dan ubi kayu. Kecamatan Kasihan merupakan daerah yang memiliki pengganda pendapatan tanaman pangan terbesar. Daerah basis komoditas subsektor tanaman pangan tersebar di 6 kecamatan, yakni basis komoditas padi di Kecamatan Banguntapan, komoditas jagung di Kecamatan Pajangan, komoditas ubi kayu di Kecamatan Dlingo, komoditas ubi jalar di Kecamatan Sanden, komoditas kacang tanah di Kecamatan Piyungan, dan komoditas kedelai di Kecamatan Dlingo. Tidak terjadi perbedaan signifikan hasil produksi tanaman pangan untuk komoditas padi, jagung, dan kacang tanah sebelum dan sesudah penetapan Perda DIY No.10 tahun 2011 tentang PLP2B. Hasil tersebut berbeda dengan komoditas ubi kayu, ubi jalar, dan kedelai yang mengalami perbedaan produksi signifikan.

Agriculture is the sector that provides a major role for the economy in Bantul Regency contribution income Gross Domestic Product (GDP). One of the subsector in the agricultural sector has an important role in the economy and the availability of food production Bantul Regency is a food crops subsector. Food crops has 6 types of commodities. The commodities is rice, corn, cassava, sweet potatoes, peanuts, and soy. This research aims to identify the role of the food crops subsector on the economy Bantul Regency seen from surplus income and income multiplier. Identify the base region food crops subsector in Bantul Regency, as well as identify the difference in the production of food crops subsector both before and after determination of Local Regulations No. 10 of 2011 on the protection of agricultural land sustainable food (PLP2B) in Bantul Regency. This research use qualitative method which dominated by the secondary data obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) as well as supported by conducting in-depth interview toward the official of the Agricultural Department, District of Bantul. The data was proceed by surplus analysis-technique and multiplier revenue, Location Quotient (LQ) analysis and statistics test of Paired T-Test. The outcome of this research shows that surplus value and multiplier revenue of the District of Bantul was produced by particular commodities, namely, paddy, corn and cassava. Sub-district of Kasihan is the region with the largest food crops multiplier revenue. The commodity base areas of food crops spreads in 6 districts. Paddy was cultivated in Sub-district of Banguntapan, corn has basis in Sub-district of Pajangan, cassava is in Sub-district of Dlingo, sweet potato is located in Sub-district Sanden, Sub-district of Piyungan has peanut as commodity and the last is soybean in Sub-district of Dlingo. There was no significant differences in the production of food crops for paddy, corn, and peanut before and after Perda DIY No. 10 tahun 2011. The results are different significantly from cassava, sweet potato, and soybean commodities.

Kata Kunci : Peran,Subsektor Tanaman Pangan,Komoditas